<HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Á3-34 - êðàòêîå ðóêîâîäñòâî</TITLE> <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1251"> <META name="keywords" content="Êàëüêóëÿòîð Á3-34 - êðàòêîå ðóêîâîäñòâî."> </HEAD> <BODY bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD height="102" width="33%"><FONT color="#FF0000">Âíèìàíèå!</FONT> Äàííûé äîêóìåíò íàõîäèòñÿ â ïðîöåññå ðàçðàáîòêè è ìîæåò ñîäåðæàòü îøèáêè.</TD> <TD height="102" width="28%"> </TD> <TD height="102" width="39%"><FONT size="-1"><I>Äàííûé äîêóìåíò - åñòü ñèíòåç îðèãèíàëüíîãî "Ðóêîâîäñòâà ïî ýêñïëóàòàöèè" ñ äîïîëíåíèÿìè àâòîðà ïðîãðàììû "Êàëüêóëÿòîð Á3-34". </I></FONT></TD> </TR> </TABLE> <P align="center"> </P> <P align="center"><B><FONT size="+2" color="#CC0000">Êàëüêóëÿòîð Á3-34.</FONT></B></P> <P align="center"><B><FONT color="#000000">Ñîäåðæàíèå ïàêåòà:<BR> <A href="b3-34help0.htm">Êðàòêîå ðóêîâîäñòâî</A></FONT></B><FONT color="#000000"><B> </B><FONT color="#666666">(ýòîò ôàéë) </FONT><B> <A href="b3-34help1.htm">Òàáëèöà êîìàíä</A> <A href="b3-34help2.htm"> Îïèñàíèå ïðîãðàììû</A></B></FONT></P> <P align="center"><B><FONT size="+2" color="#CC0000"><BR> </FONT><FONT size="+2">Êðàòêîå ðóêîâîäñòâî.</FONT></B></P> <P align="center"><B><BR> </B></P> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <P align="center"><B>Íóæåí ëè Âàì òàêîé êàëüêóëÿòîð?</B></P> <P>Êàëüêóëÿòîð <B>Á3-34</B> ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðîãðàììèðóåìûì ìèêðîêëüêóëÿòîðîì (ÏÌÊ) è ïðåäíàçíà÷åí äëÿ âûïîëíåíèÿ íàó÷íûõ, èíæåíåðíûõ è ñòàòèñòè÷åñêèõ ðàñ÷¸òîâ.  îòëè÷èå îò ïðîñòûõ êàëüêóëÿòîðîâ, â <B>Á3-34</B> îòñóòñòâóåò êëàâèøà = (ðàâíî).  Á3-34 ñíà÷àëà ââîäÿòñÿ îïåðàíäû, çàòåì ðåøàåòñÿ ÷òî ñ íèìè äåëàòü. Íàïðèìåð, ÷òîáû âû÷èñëèòü ñóììó 2+2 íàäî íàæàòü íà êëàâèøó 2, çàòåì íà ñèíþþ êëàâèøó "ñòðåëêà ââåðõ", çàòåì íà êëàâèøó 2 è íà ñèíþþ êëàâèøó +, íà èíäèêàòîðå âûñâåòèòñÿ ðåçóëüòàò (4). Åñëè Âàì íàäî ñîõðàíèòü íåñêîëüêî äëèííûõ ÷èñåë äëÿ ïîâòîðíîãî èõ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ, äîñòàòî÷íî ïîñëå ââîäà ÷èñëà íàæàòü äâå êëàâèøè - Ï è ëþáóþ, îò 0 äî F, è ïðîäîëæèòü ðàáîòó. Ïîâòîðèì ïðåäûäóùèé ïðèìåð, òîëüêî ïðè ýòîì ñîõðàíèì îïåðàíäû â ïàìÿòè. Íàæèìàåì êëàâèøó 2, êëàâèøó Ï, êëàâèøó 1, êëàâèøó 2, êëàâèøó Ï, êëàâèøó 2, êëàâèøó +, íà èíäèêàòîðå âûñâåòèòñÿ ðåçóëüòàò (4). Òåïåðü ïðîâåðèì, ÷åìó áóäåò ðàâíî ïðîèçâåäåíèå ââåä¸íûõ ðàíåå ÷èñåë. Íàæèìàåì êëàâèøó ÈÏ, êëàâèøó 1, êëàâèøó ÈÏ, êëàâèøó 2, ñèíþþ êëàâèøó X (óìíîæèòü). Ýòèì âñå óäîáñòâà "ìàøèííû" íå èñ÷åðïûâàþòñÿ. Îíè ïðîÿâëÿþòñÿ â ïîëíîé ìåðå òîãäà, êîãäà òðåáóþòñÿ ìíîãî÷èñëåííûå âû÷èñëåíèÿ äëÿ ñîñòàâëåíèå òàáëèö è ãðàôèêîâ.</P> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <P align="center"><B>Êàëüêóëÿòîð èìååò:</B></P> <UL> <LI> ïðîãðàìíóþ ïàìÿòü îáú¸ìîì â 100 èëè 256 øàãîâ;</LI> <LI>16 àäðåñóåìûõ ðåãèñòðîâ ïàìÿòè äëÿ õðàíåíèÿ äàííûõ èëè àäðåñîâ ïåðåõîäà â ïðîãðàììå;</LI> <LI> êîìàíäû ïðÿìûõ è êîñâåííûõ ïåðåõîäîâ â ïðîãðàììå, êîìàíäû âûçîâà ïîäïðîãðàì è êîìàíäû âîçâðàòà èç ïîäïðîãðàì;</LI> <LI>âîçìîæíîñòü îáðàùåíèÿ ê ïîäïðîãðàììå âíóòðè ïîäïðîãðàì. Ãëóáèíà òàêèõ îáðàùåíèé ðàâíà 5;</LI> <LI>êîìàíäû ïðÿìîãî è êîñâåííîãî áåçóñëîâíîãî ïåðåõîäà;</LI> <LI>÷åòûðå òèïà êîìàíä ïðÿìîãî è êîñâåííîãî óñëîâíîãî ïåðåõîäà (ïî óñëîâèÿì x=0, x!=0 (íå ðàâíî 0), x>=0 (áîëüøå èëè ðàâíÿåòñÿ 0), x<0);</LI> <LI>êîìàíäû îðãàíèçàöèè öèêëîâ;</LI> <LI>êîìàíäû êîñâåííîé çàïèñè ñîäåðæèìîãî ðåãèñòðà X â ðåãèñòðû ïàìÿòè;</LI> <LI>êîìàíäû êîñâåííîé èíäèêàöèè ñîäåðæèìîãî ðåãèñòðîâ ïàìÿòè;</LI> <LI>êîìàíäû ñáðîñà ñ÷¸ò÷èêà àäðåñîâ â íóëåâîå ñîñòîÿíèå;</LI> <LI>êîìàíäà ïóñêà è îñòàíîâêè ïðè àâòîìàòè÷åñêîì âû÷èñëåíèè ïî ïðîãðàììå;</LI> <LI>êîìàíäà ïîøàãîâîãî âûïîëíåíèÿ ïðîãðàììû â ðåæèìå "Àâòîìàòè÷åñêàÿ ðàáîòà";</LI> <LI>èíäèêàöèÿ êîäîâ òð¸õ ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûõ øàãîâ ïðîãðàììû è òåêóùåãî ñîñòîÿíèÿ ñ÷¸ò÷èêà àäðåñîâ;</LI> <LI>êëàâèøè ïîøàãîâîãî ïðîñìîòðà ïðîãðàììû â ñòîðîíó óâåëè÷åíèÿ èëè óìåíüøåíèÿ àäðåñîâ â ðåæèìå "Ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèå";</LI> <LI>êîìàíäà âûâîäà ðåçóëüòàòîâ â ôàéë äëÿ ïîñëåäóþùåé ïå÷àòè íà ïðèíòåðå</LI> </UL> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><B>Ââîä ÷èñåë.</B></P> <P align="left">Ââîä ÷èñåë, îïåðàöèé è êîìàíä â ìèêðîêàëüêóëÿòîð îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ íàæàòèåì ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèõ êëàâèø ëåâîé êíîïêîé ìûøè. Èìååòñÿ ïîêà íå ïîëíîñòüþ ðåàëèçîâàííàÿ âîçìîæíîñòü ââîäà ïîñðåäñòâîì êëàâèàòóðû. <FONT color="#999999">(Íàäî îòìåòèòü, ÷òî ñëîæíîñòü ðåàëèçàöèè ââîäà ñ êëàâèàòóðû îáóñëîâëåíà îòñóòñòâèåì ïîäõîäÿùèõ ïî ñìûñëó íàçâàíèé íà êëàâèøàõ ñòàíäàðòíîé êëàâèàòóðû. Àâòîð áûë áû áëàãîäàðåí çà öåííûé ñîâåò ïî ýòîé ïðîáëåìå.) <FONT color="#000000">Ìíîãèå êëàâèøè èìåþò äâîéíóþ è òðîéíóþ ñèìâîëèêó. Îäèí ñèìâîë èçîáðàæ¸í íåïîñðåäñòâåííî íà êëàâèøå, âòîðîé - íàä êëàâèøåé êðàñíûì öâåòîì, òðåòèé - ñíèçó èëè ñïðàâà îò êëàâèøè ÷¸ðíûì öâåòîì. Ââîä ôóíêöèè, ñèìâîë êîòîðîé èçîáðàæ¸í êðàñíûì öâåòîì íàä êëàâèøåé, îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ íàæàòèåì íà ïðåôèêñíóþ êëàâèøó F èëè Ê, çàòåì íà êëàâèøó íàä êîòîðîé èçîáðàæ¸í ñèìâîë ââîäèìîé ôóíêöèè. Íàçíà÷åíèå êëàâèø ïðèâåäåíî â <FONT color="#6600CC"><A href="b3-34help1.htm">òàáëèöå êîìàíä</A> <FONT color="#000000">(ðàçìåð ôàéëà >81 êáàéò).</FONT></FONT></FONT></FONT></P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <P align="center"><B>Äâà ðåæèìà ðàáîòû êàëüêóëÿòîðà.</B></P> <P align="left"><B>"Àâòîìàòè÷åñêàÿ ðàáîòà"</B> - îñíîâíîé ðåæèì ðàáîòû.<BR> <B>"Ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèå"</B> - ðåæèì ïðåäíàçíà÷åí äëÿ ââîäà êîäà ïðîãðàììû, âêëþ÷àåòñÿ ïîñðåäñòâîì íàæàòèÿ íà êëàâèøè F è ÏÐÃ. Âûõîä èç ðåæèìà - íàæàòèåì êëàâèø F è ÀÂÒ.</P> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><B>Ðåãèñòðû ñòåêà.</B></P> <P align="left"><FONT color="#999999"><FONT color="#000000"> ìèêðîêëüêóëÿòîðå èìåþòñÿ 5 îïåðàöèîííûõ ðåãèñòðîâ X1, X, Y, Z, T. Ðåãèñòð X ñëóæèò äëÿ ïðè¸ìà è õðàíåíèÿ ââîäèìîãî ÷èñëà è ðåçóëüòàòà âû÷èñëåíèé. Åãî ñîäåðæèìîå îòîáðàæàåòñÿ íà èíäèêàòîðå. </FONT><FONT color="#999999"><FONT color="#000000">Ðåãèñòð Y</FONT></FONT><FONT color="#000000"> ñëóæèò äëÿ ïðè¸ìà èíôîðìàöèè èç ðåãèñòðà X, ÷òî îáåñïå÷èâàåò ïðè íåîáõîäèìîñòè, ââîä â ðåãèñòð X âòîðîãî ÷èñëà. Çàíåñåíèå </FONT><FONT color="#999999"><FONT color="#000000">÷èñëà</FONT></FONT> <FONT color="#000000">â ðåãèñòð Y ïðîèñõîäèò ïðè íàæàòèè íà êíîïêó "ñòðåëêà ââåðõ".</FONT></FONT></P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="897"> <TABLE width="100%" border="0"> <TR> <TD width="17%" height="447"><IMG src="stack1.gif" width="119" height="159" alt="Ðèñ. 1"></TD> <TD width="83%"> <P align="center"><FONT size="+1">Ñõåìàòè÷íîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå ðåãèñòðîâ ñòåêà. </FONT></P> <P>Ðåãèñòðû ñòåêà X, Y, Z è T îðãàíèçîâàíû ïî ïðèíöèïó ìàãàçèííîé ïàìÿòè, êîãäà ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíî çàïèñàííàÿ èíôîðìàöèÿ ìîæåò áûòü ñ÷èòàíà òîëüêî â ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòè, îáðàòíîé ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòè çàïèñè (ïîñëåäíåå çàïèñàííîå ÷èñëî ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïåðâûì). Íàïðèìåð, êîãäà ââîäèòñÿ îïåðàíä â ðåãèñòð X êîìàíäîé ÷òåíèÿ èç ðåãèñòðà ïàìÿòè, òî ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà X êîïèðóåòñÿ â ðåãèñòð Y (ñäâèãàåòñÿ ââåðõ), à ïðåäûäóùåå ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà Y êîïèðóåòñÿ â ðåãèñòð Z, ïðåäûäóùåå ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà Z êîïèðóåòñÿ â ðåãèñòð T. Ïðè âûïîëíåíèè <FONT color="#6600CC"><A href="#two_place_operation">äâóõìåñòíîé îïåðàöèè</A></FONT> âçàèìîäåéñòâóþò ðåãèñòðû Y è X. Ðåçóëüòàò ïîìåùàåòñÿ â ðåãèñòð X, ðåãèñòð Y ïîëó÷àåò ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà Z, ðåãèñòð Z ïîëó÷àåò ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà T, à ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà T îñòà¸òñÿ íåèçìåííûì. Ðåãèñòð X1 ïîëó÷àåò ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà X, êîòîðîå òàì áûëî äî âûïîëíåíèÿ ýòîé îïåðàöèè (ðèñ. 5). <A href="#register_X1">Ðåãèñòð X1 </A>ñëóæèò äëÿ ñîõðàíåíèÿ ïðåäûäóùåãî ñîäåðæèìîãî ðåãèñòðà X. </P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="17%" height="159"><IMG src="stack2.gif" width="119" height="159" align="top" alt="Ðèñ. 2"></TD> <TD width="83%"> <P align="center"> </P> <P align="center"><B>Êîìàíäà ïðîäâèæåíèÿ ñòåêà ââåðõ.<BR> </B>(ñòðåëêà ââåðõ)</P> <P align="left">Ñäâèã ñîäåðæèìîãî ðåãèñòðîâ ñòåêà ïðîèñõîäèò ïî ñõåìå: X->Y->Z->T (ðèñ. 2). Ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà ðåçóëüòàòà ïðåäûäóùåé îïåðàöèè X1 íå èçìåíÿåòñÿ.</P> <P align="left"> </P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="17%" height="195"><IMG src="stack3.gif" width="119" height="159" alt="Ðèñ. 3"></TD> <TD width="83%"> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="17%" height="168"><IMG src="stack4.gif" width="119" height="159" alt="Ðèñ. 4"></TD> <TD width="83%"> <P align="center"><B>Êîìàíäà îáìåíà ñîäåðæèìûì ðåãèñòðîâ X è Y.<BR> </B>(íà êëàâèøå èçîáðàæåíî XY ñî ñòðåëêàìè)</P> <P align="center"><BR> Ñõåìà îáìåíà ñîäåðæèìûì ðåãèñòðîâ ïîêàçàíà íà ðèñóíêå 4.</P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="17%" height="174"><IMG src="stack5.gif" width="119" height="159" alt="Ðèñ. 5"></TD> <TD width="83%"> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="17%" height="226"><IMG src="stack6.gif" width="119" height="176" alt="Ðèñ. 6"></TD> <TD width="83%"> <P align="center"><B><A name="register_X1"></A>Ðåãèñòð ïðåäûäóùåãî ðåçóëüòàòà.</B></P> <P align="left"> äîïîëíåíèå ê ÷åòûð¸ì ñòåêîâûì ðåãèñòðàì â ìèêðîêëüêóëÿòîðå èìååòñÿ åù¸ îäèí ðåãèñòð , íàçûâàåìûé ðåãèñòðîì ïðåäûäóùåãî ðåçóëüòàòà. Ýòîò ðåãèñòð ñîõðàíÿåò çíà÷åíèå ÷èñëà, êîòîðîå íàõîäèëîñü â ðåãèñòðå X äî âûïîëíåíèÿ îïåðàöèè. Äëÿ ïðîâåðêè ýòîãî ÷èñëà íàæìèòå êëàâèøè F è Âõ. Ïðè ýòîì ïðîèçîéä¸ò ïåðåìåùåíèå èíôîðìàöèè â ñòåêå (ðèñ. 6): X->Y->Z->T, X1->X.</P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="17%" height="180"><IMG src="stack7.gif" width="119" height="171" alt="Ðèñ. 7"></TD> <TD width="83%" height="180"> <DIV align="center"> <P> </P> <P align="center"><B>Êîìàíäà Rotate.<BR> </B>(â îðèãèíàëå èçîáðàæåíî êîëüöî ñî ñòðåëêàìè)</P> <P align="left"> ðåçóëüòàòå âûïîëíåíèÿ ýòîé êîìàíäû îáìåí ðåãèñòðàìè ñòåêà ïðîèçîéä¸ò ïî ñõåìå: X->X1, T->Z->Y->X, X1->T (ðèñ. 7).</P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><B>Ðåãèñòðû îáùåãî íàçíà÷åíèÿ.</B></P> <P align="left">Ýòî 16 àäðåñóåìûõ ðåãèñòðîâ ïàìÿòè äëÿ õðàíåíèÿ äàííûõ èëè àäðåñîâ ïåðåõîäîâ â ïðîãðàììå. Íîìåð ðåãèñòðà îáîçíà÷àåòñÿ øåñíàäöàòèðè÷íûì ÷èñëîì - îò 0 äî F.  îðèãèíàëå "ðóêîâîäñòâà ïî ýêñïëóàòàöèè" â íàçâàíèå ýòèõ ðåãèñòðîâ ââåä¸í ïðåôèêñ RG (RG0, RG1 ... è ò.ä.). Èç <FONT color="#999999"><FONT color="#000000"><FONT color="#6600CC"><A href="b3-34help1.htm">òàáëèöû êîìàíä </A></FONT></FONT></FONT>âèäíî, ÷òî êîä êîìàíä îáðàùåíèÿ ê ðåãèñòðàì îäíîçíà÷íî îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ âòîðûì ïîëóáàéòîì êîäà êîìàíäû, íàïðèìåð, òàêèõ êàê 40 -4F (çàïèñü â ðåãèñòð ïàìÿòè - êëàâèøè Ï, 0 äî Ï.F), 60 -6F (èçâëå÷åíèå èç ðåãèñòðîâ ïàìÿòè â ðåãèñòð X - êëàâèøè Ï, 0 äî Ï.F) è äðóãèõ êîìàíäàõ. </P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><B><A name="stack_of_return"></A>Ðåãèñòðû ñòåêà âîçâðàòà.</B></P> <P align="left">Êàëüêóëÿòîð èìååò 5 ðåãèñòðîâ îáðàçóþùèõ ñòåê âîçâðàòà, êîòîðûå ïðîãðàìíî íåäîñòóïíû, îäíàêî îíè ïîçâîëÿþò ïðîãðàììå âûçâàòü äî 5-òè âëîæåííûõ ïîäïðîãðàì.  ÿ÷åéêàõ ñòåêà âîçâðàòà õðàíÿòñÿ àäðåñà âîçâðàòà èç ïîäïðîãðàì.</P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD height="326"> <DIV align="left"> <P align="center"><A name="one_place_operation"></A><B>Îäíîìåñòíûå îïåðàöèè.</B></P> <P>Îäíîìåñòíûå îïåðàöèè - ýòî îïåðàöèè äëÿ âûïîëíåíèÿ êîòîðûõ òðåáóåòñÿ îäèí îïåðàíä. Îïåðàíä, íàä êîòîðàì ïðîèçâîäèòñÿ îïåðàöèÿ íàõîäèòñÿ â ðåãèñòðå X è âûñâå÷èâàåòñÿ íà èíäèêàòîðå. Ðåçóëüòàò îïåðàöèè çàïèñûâàåòñÿ â ðåãèñòð X, ïðè ýòîì ñîäåðæèìîå îñòàëüíûõ ðåãèñòðîâ íå èçìåíÿåòñÿ. Ñëåäóþùèå îïåðàöèè â Á3-34 ÿâëÿþòñÿ îäíîìåñòíûìè: </P> </DIV> <UL> <LI> <DIV align="left">âû÷èñëåíèå ëîãàðèôìè÷åñêèõ ôóíêöèé (lg, ln);</DIV> </LI> <LI>ñòåïåííûõ ôóíêöèé (x^2 - âîçâåäåíèå â êâàäðàò, e^x, 10^x);</LI> <LI>òðèãîíîìåòðè÷åñêèõ ïðÿìûõ è îáðàòíûõ ôóíêöèé ();</LI> <LI>âû÷èñëåíèå êâàäðàòíîãî êîðíÿ (sqr);</LI> <LI>âû÷èñëåíèå îáðàòíîé âåëè÷èíû(1/x);</LI> <LI>ââîä ÷èñëà ïè (PI);<BR> </LI> </UL> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><A name="two_place_operation"></A><B>Äâóõìåñòíûå îïåðàöèè.</B></P> <P align="left">Äâóõìåñòíûå îïåðàöèè - ýòî îïåðàöèè äëÿ âûïîëíåíèÿ êîòîðûõ òðåáóåòñÿ äâà îïåðàíäà, ðàñïîëîæåíûõ â ðåãèñòðàõ X è Y. Ê òàêèì îïåðàöèÿì îòíîñÿòñÿ ÷åòûðå àðèôìåòè÷åñêèõ äåéñòâèÿ (ñëîæåíèå, âû÷èòàíèå, óìíîæåíèå è äåëåíèå) è âû÷èñëåíèå ñòåïåííîé ôóíêöèè x^y (x â ñòåïåíè y). Ðåçóëüòàò îïåðàöèè çàïèñûâàåòñÿ â ðåãèñòð X. Ïðè ýòîì èíôîðìàöèÿ â ðåãèñòðå Y, õðàíÿùàÿñÿ äî âûïîëíåíèÿ îïåðàöèè çàìåíÿåòñÿ <FONT color="#000000">ñîäåðæèìûì ðåãèñòðà Z. Ñõåìà ïåðåäâèæåíèÿ â ñòåêå T=T->Z->Y, X1=ñîäåðæèìîìó ðåãèñòðà X äî âûïîëíåíèÿ îïåðàöèè</FONT>.</P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><B><A name="chain_calculations"></A>Öåïî÷å÷íûå âû÷èñëåíèÿ.</B></P> <P align="left"> Åñëè íà èíäèêàòîðå âûñâå÷èâàåòñÿ ðåçóëüòàò ïðåäûäóùèõ âû÷èñëåíèé, òî íàáîð íà êëàâèàòóðå íîâîãî ÷èñëà àâòîìàòè÷åñêè ïåðåäâèãàåò èíôîðìàöèþ èç ðåãèñòðà X â ðåãèñòð Y. <FONT color="#000000">Ïåðåìåùåíèå â ñòåêå ïðîèñõîäèò ïî ñõåìå X->Y->Z->T, ïðåäûäóùåå ñîäåðæèìîå T òåðÿåòñÿ</FONT>. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, ðåçóëüòàò âû÷èñëåíèÿ ïðåäûäóùåé îïåðàöèè ìîæåò ó÷àñòâîâàòü â êà÷åñòâå âòîðîãî îïåðàíäà ïðè âûïîëíåíèè ïîñëåäóþùèõ âû÷èñëåíèé. </P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <P align="center"><B><A name="bp_jump"></A>Êîìàíäà áåçóñëîâíîãî ïåðåõîäà.</B></P> <P>Êîìàíäà áåçóñëîâíîãî ïåðåõîäà ðåàëèçóåòñÿ êëàâèøåé ÁÏ è ïîñëåäóþùèì ââîäîì àäðåñà ïåðåõîäà. Ýòà êîìàíäà ïðåðûâàåò åñòåñòâåííûé ïîðÿäîê âûïîëíåíèÿ ïðîãðàììû è îñóùåñòâëÿåò ïðåõîä ê âûïîëíåíèþ êîìàíäû, óêàçàííîé â àäðåñå ïåðåõîäà. Äëèíà êîìàíäû - äâà øàãà. Ÿ ìîæíî èñïîëüçàâàòü åù¸ äëÿ ðó÷íîãî ïåðåõîäà ê æåëàåìîìó àäðåñó ïðè îòëàäêå ïðîãðàììû.</P> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><A name="conditional_jump"></A><B>Êîìàíäû ïåðåõîäà ïî óñëîâèþ.</B></P> <P align="left">Êîìàíäû ïåðåõîäà ïî óñëîâèþ ( x<0 ëèáî x=0, x>=0, x!=0 (íå ðàâíî íóëþ)) ðåàëèçóþòñÿ êëàâèøåé F, êëàâèøåé óñëîâèÿ " x<0", "x=0", "x>=0", "x!=0" è ââîäîì àäðåñà ïåðåõîäà. Ïðîâåðÿåòñÿ ñîæåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà X íà âûïîëíåíèå çàäàííîãî óñëîâèÿ. Åñëè óñëîâèå <FONT color="#CC0000">íå âûïîëíÿåòñÿ</FONT>, òî ñëåäóþùåé ïî ïðîãðàììå áóäåò âûïîëíåíà êîìàíäà, àäðåñ êîòîðîé óêàçàí íåïîñðåäñòâåííî â êîìàíäå óñëîâíîãî ïåðåõîäà. Åñëè óñëîâèå âûïîëíÿåòñÿ, òî ñëåäóþùåé êîìàíäîé áóäåò ñëåäóþùàÿ çà àäðåñîì ïðåõîäà êîìàíäà. Äëèíà êîìàíäû - äâà áàéòà (øàãà) ïðîãðàìíîé ïàìÿòè.</P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><A name="routine_call"></A><B>Êîìàíäà âûçîâà ïðîäïðîãðàììû.</B></P> <P align="left">Êîìàíäà âûçîâà ïðîäïðîãðàììû ðåàëèçóåòñÿ êëàâèøåé ÏÏ è ñäóþùåìó çà íåé àäðåñîì (íà÷àëà ïîäïðîãðàììû). Ïðè ýòîì â <A href="#stack_of_return">ñòåê âîçâðàòà</A> çàïèñûâàåòñÿ ñëåäóþùèé àäðåñ ïðîãðàììû, íà êîòîðûé â äàëüíåéøåì áóäåò ñäåëàí âçâðàò èç ïîäïðîãðàììû (Â/Î). Äëèíà êîìàíäû - äâà øàãà.  ðåæèìå "Àâòîìàòè÷åñêàÿ ðàáîòà", êîãäà ïðîãðàììà íå âûïîëíÿåòñÿ, íàæàòèå íà êëàâèøó ÏÏ ïðîèçâîäèò ïîøàãîâîå âûïîëíåíèå ïðîãðàììû.</P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><A name="indirect_routine_call"></A><B>Êîìàíäû êîñâåííîãî âûçîâà ïðîäïðîãðàììû.</B></P> <P align="left">Êîìàíäà êîñâåííîãî âûçîâà ïðîäïðîãðàììû ðåàëèçóåòñÿ êëàâèøàìè Ê , ÏÏ è êëàâèøåé àäðåñóåìîãî ðåãèñòðà ( 0 ... F ). <A href="#stack_of_return"> </A> Äëèíà êîìàíäû - îäèí øàã. Ñ ïîìîùüþ ýòîé êîìàíäà ïðîèñõîäèò <FONT color="#660099"> <A href="#registers_modification_table">ìîäèôèêàöèÿ</A></FONT> àäðåñà, õðàíÿùåãîñÿ â àäðåñóåìîì ðåãèñòðå, èíäåêñ êîòîðîãî âõîäèò â êîìàíäó. Çàòåì, çàïèñûâàåòñÿ â <A href="#stack_of_return">ñòåê âîçâðàòà</A> ñëåäóþùèé àäðåñ ïðîãðàììû, íà êîòîðûé â äàëüíåéøåì áóäåò ñäåëàí âçâðàò èç ïîäïðîãðàììû (êîìàíäîé Â/Î), è îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ âûçîâ ïîäïðîãðàììû, çàïèñàííîé ïî ìîäèôèöèðîâàííîìó àäðåñó. </P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><A name="routine_return"></A><B>Êîìàíäà âîçâðàòà èç ïðîäïðîãðàììû.</B></P> <P align="left">Êîìàíäà âîçâðàòà èç ïðîäïðîãðàììû ðåàëèçóåòñÿ êëàâèøåé Â/Î. Èç <A href="#stack_of_return">ñòåêà âîçâðàòà</A> ÷èòàåòñÿ ïîñëåäíèé àäðåñ, êîòîðûé çàïèñûâàåòñÿ òóäà âî âðåìÿ âûçîâà ïîäïðîãðàììû ïîñðåäñòâîì êîìàíäû ÏÏ ... (èëè Ê ÏÏ ...), è ïðîèñõîäèò ïåðåõîä íà ýòîò àäðåñ. </P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <P align="center"><A name="#Êîñâåííûé áåçóñëîâíûé ïåðåõîä"></A><B>Êîñâåííûé áåçóñëîâíûé ïåðåõîä.</B></P> <P>Êîìàíäà êîñâåííîãî áåçóñëîâíîãî ïåðåõîäà ïî ìîäèôèöèðîâàííîìó àäðåñó ðåàëèçóåñÿ êëàâèøàìè Ê, ÁÏ è êëàâèøåé àäðåñóåìîãî ðåãèñòðà (îò 0 äî F, <FONT color="#000000">îò A äî F - íàäïèñè ÷¸ðíîãî öâåòà</FONT>). Ïðè èñïîëíåíèè ýòîé êîìàíäû ïðîèñõîäèò ìîäèôèêàöèÿ àäðåñà, õðàíÿùåãîñÿ â àäðåñóåìîì ðåãèñòðå (èíäåêñ êîòîðîãî âõîäèò â êîìàíäó), è ïðîèñõîäèò ïåðåõîä ê èñïîíåíèþ êîìàíäû, çàïèñàííîé ïî íîâîìó (ìîäèôèöèðîâàííîìó) àäðåñó. Ìîäèôèêàöèÿ àäðåñà ïðîèñõîäèò â çàâèñèìîñòè îò íîìåðà ðåãèñòðà, âõîäÿùåãî â êîìàíäó. Åñëè êîìàíäà ñîäåðæèò íîìåð îäíîãî èç ðåãèñòðîâ 0, 1, 2, 3, òî ïðè âûïîëíåíèè êîìàíäû èç ñîäåðæèìîãî àäðåñóåìîãî ðåãèñòðà âû÷èòàåòñÿ 1. Åñëè íîìåð àäðåñóåìîãî ðåãèñòðà 4 , 5 èëè 6, òî ê ñîäåðæèìîìó ðåãèñòðà ïðèáàâëÿåòñÿ 1. Åñëè íîìåð àäðåñóåìîãî ðåãèñòðà îò 7 äî F, òî ñîäåðæèìîå àäðåñóåìîãî ðåãèñòðà íå èçìåíÿåòñÿ.</P> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <P align="center"><A name="registers_modification_table"></A><B>Òàáëèöà ìîäèôèêàöèè ïðè êîñâåííîé àäðåñàöèè.</B></P> <TABLE width="96%" border="1" align="center" bgcolor="#E0FFF0"> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">Ðåãèñòð </DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">Ìîäèôèêàöèÿ</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Íàäïèñü</DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">0</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">-1</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ 0</DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">1</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">-1</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ 1</DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">2</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">-1</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ 2</DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">3</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">-1</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ 3</DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">4</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">+1</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ 4</DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">5</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">+1</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ 5</DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">6</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">+1</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ 6</DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">7</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">íåò</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ 7</DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">8</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">íåò</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ 8</DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">9</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">íåò</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ 9</DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">A</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">íåò</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ , (çàïÿòàÿ), ïîä êëàâèøåé ÷¸ðíûì öâåòîì - ëàòèíñêàÿ áóêâà A. </DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">B</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">íåò</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ /-/, ïîä êëàâèøåé ÷¸ðíûì öâåòîì - ëàòèíñêàÿ áóêâà B. </DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">C</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">íåò</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ ÂÏ, ïîä êëàâèøåé ÷¸ðíûì öâåòîì - ëàòèíñêàÿ áóêâà C. </DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">D</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">íåò</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ Cx, ïîä êëàâèøåé ÷¸ðíûì öâåòîì - ëàòèíñêàÿ áóêâà D. </DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">E</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">íåò</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ â âèäå ñòðåëêè ââåðõ, ñïðàâà îò êëàâèøè ÷¸ðíûì öâåòîì - ëàòèíñêàÿ áóêâà E. </DIV> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD width="12%"> <DIV align="center">F</DIV> </TD> <TD width="20%"> <DIV align="center">íåò</DIV> </TD> <TD width="68%"> <DIV align="center">Êëàâèøà ñ íàäïèñüþ - (çíàê ìèíóñ), ñïðàâà îò êëàâèøè ÷¸ðíûì öâåòîì - ëàòèíñêàÿ áóêâà F. </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" height="125" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <P align="center"><A name="indirect_conditional_jump"></A><B>Êîñâåííûé ïåðåõîä ïî óñëîâèþ.</B></P> <P>Êîìàíäû êîñâåííûõ ïåðåõîäîâ ïî óñëîâèþ ðåàëèçóåòñÿ êëàâèøåé "Ê", êëàâèøåé óñëîâèÿ ( x<0 ëèáî x=0, x>=0, x!=0 (íå ðàâíî íóëþ)) è êëàâèøåé àäðåñóåìîãî ðåãèñòðà (îò "0" äî "F"). Ñ ïîìîùüþ ýòîé êîìàíäû ïðîâåðÿåòñÿ ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà X íà âûïîëíåíèå çàäàííîãî óñëîâèÿ. Åñëè óñëîâèå íå âûïîëíÿåòñÿ (<FONT color="#000000">îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå, èìåííî - êîãäà</FONT><FONT color="#999999"> <FONT color="#CC0000">íå âûïîíÿåòñÿ</FONT></FONT>), òî ïðîèñõîäèò <FONT color="#660099"> <A href="#registers_modification_table">ìîäèôèêàöèÿ</A></FONT> (èçìåíåíèå) àäðåñà, õðàíÿùåãîñÿ â àäðåñóåìîì ðåãèñòðå, èíäåêñ êîòîðîãî âõîäèò â êîìàíäó, è îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ ïåðåõîä ê âûïîëíåíèþ êîìàíäû, çàïèñàííîé ïî ìîäèôèöèðîâàííîìó àäðåñó. Åñëè óñëîâèå âûïîëíÿåòñÿ, òî ïðîèñõîäèò ïåðåõîä ê âûïîëíåíèþ ñëåäóþùåé êîìàíäû. Ïðè ýòîì àäðåñ, çàïèñàííûé â àäðåñóåìîì ðåãèñòðå, íå ìîäèôèöèðóåòñÿ.</P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><A name="indirect_mem_read"></A><B>Êîìàíäû êîñâåííîãî ÷òåíèÿ ðåãèñòðà ïàìÿòè.</B></P> <P align="left">Êîìàíäà ìîäèôèöèðóåò ðåãèñòð , íîìåð êîòîðîãî âõîäèò â êîìàíäó (ñîãëàñíî <A href="#registers_modification_table">òàáëèöå ìîäèôèêàöèè)</A>, ïîñëå ÷åãî ïðîèñõîäèò ÷òåíèå ñîîòâåòñòâóþùåãî ðåãèñòðà â ðåãèñòð X. Ïðèìåð. Åñëè ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà 0 äî âûïîëíåíèÿ êîìàíäû áûëî ðàâíî 3, òî ïðè âûïîëíåíèè êîìàíäû Ê ÈÏ 0 óìåíüøàåòñÿ ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà 0 (òåïåðü îíî ðàâíî 2) è ïðîèñõîäèò ÷òåíèå ñîäåðæèìîãî ðåãèñòðà 2 â ðåãèñòð X.</P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><A name="indirect_mem_write"></A><B>Êîìàíäû êîñâåííîé çàïèñè â ðåãèñòð ïàìÿòè.</B></P> <P align="left">Êîìàíäà ìîäèôèöèðóåò ðåãèñòð , íîìåð êîòîðîãî âõîäèò â êîìàíäó (ñîãëàñíî <A href="#registers_modification_table">òàáëèöå ìîäèôèêàöèè</A>), ïîñëå ÷åãî ïðîèñõîäèò çàïèñü â ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèé ðåãèñòð ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà X. Ïðèìåð. Åñëè ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà 0 äî âûïîëíåíèÿ êîìàíäû áûëî ðàâíî 3, òî ïðè âûïîëíåíèè êîìàíäû Ê Ï 0 óìåíüøàåòñÿ ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà 0 (òåïåðü îíî ðàâíî 2) è ïðîèñõîäèò çàïèñü ñîäåðæèìîãî ðåãèñòðà X â ðåãèñòð 2.</P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><A name="L0_discription"></A><B>Êîìàíäû îðãàíèçàöèè öèêëîâ.</B></P> <P align="left">Êîìàíäû îðãàíèçàöèè öèêëîâ îðãàíèçóþòñÿ êëàâèøàìè L0, L1, L2, L3 â ñî÷åòàíèè ñ ïðåôèêñíîé êëàâèøåé F. Êîìàíäà ñîñòîèò èç êîäà êîìàíäû è ñëåäóþùåãî çà íåé àäðåñà ïåðåõîäà. Ïðè âûïîëíåíèè êîìàíäû L0 ïðîèñõîäèò îáðàùåíèå ê ðåãèñòðó ïàìÿòè RG0. Ïðè êàæäîì âûïîëíåíèè ýòîé êîìàíäû èç ñîäåðæèìîãî ðåãèñòðà 0 âû÷èòàåòñÿ 1 è ïðîèçâîäèòñÿ àíàëèç åãî íà íóëü. Åñëè îíî íå ðàâíî íóëþ, ïðîèñõîäèò ïåðåõîä ê âûïîëíåíèþ êîìàíäû ïåðåõîäà, âõîäÿùåãî â êîìàíäó. Åñëè ñîäåðæèìîå ðåãèñòðà ïàìÿòè RG0 ðàâíî íóëþ, òî öèêë çàâåðøàåòñÿ è âûïîëíÿåòñÿ ñëåäóþùàÿ êîìàíäà. Äëèíà êîìàíäû - äâà øàãà.</P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <P align="center"><B>Ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèå.</B></P> <P> Âõîä â ðåæèì ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèÿ îñóùåñâëÿåòñÿ ïîñðåäñòâîì íàæàòèÿ íà êëàâèøè F è ÏÐÃ. Êàëüêóëÿòîð ïåðåéä¸ò íà òåêóùèé àäðåñ ïðîãðàììû. Åñëè òðåáóåòñÿ ïåðåéòè íà çàäàíûé àäðåñ, òî ïåðåä âõîäîì â ðåæèì ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèÿ íàäî ïåðåéòè íà ýòîò àäðåñ íàæàòèåì êëàâèøè ÁÏ è ââîäîì àäðåñà. Ïåðåìåùåíèå ïî ïðîãðàììå ïðîèñõîäèò àâòîìàòè÷åñêè ïðè ââîäå êîìàíä èëè ïðèíóäèòåëüíî - êëàâèøàìè ØÃ. Ñïðàâà íà èíäèêàòîðå âûñâå÷èâàåòñÿ àäðåñ ñëåäóþùåãî øàãà ïðîãðàììû.  äðóãèõ ïîëÿõ èíäèêàòîðà âûñâå÷èâàþòñÿ (3 ïîëÿ) êîäû ââåä¸ííûõ êîìàíä â ïîðÿäêå âîçðàñòàíèÿ, ñëåâà íàïðàâî. <BR> Åñëè íåîáõîäèìî èñêëþ÷èòü èç ïðîãðàììû êàêóþ-ëèáî êîìàíäó, íåîáõîäèìî íàæàòü êëàâèøó Ê è êëàâèøó ÍÎÏ, øàã ïðîãðàììû çàïîëíèòñÿ êîìàíäîé, êîòîðàÿ íè÷åãî íå äåëàåò. Âûõîä èç ðåæèìà "Ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèå" îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ íàæàòèåì íà êëàâèøè F è ÀÂÒ.</P> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><B>Âû÷èñëåíèå ïî ïðîãðàììå.</B></P> <P align="left">Âû÷èñëåíèÿ ïî ïðîãðàììå íà÷èíàþòñÿ íàæàòèåì íà êëàâèøó Ñ/Ï. Íà÷èíàåòñÿ âûïîëíåíèå ïðîãðàììû ñ òåêóùåãî àäðåñà. Åñëè òðåáóåòñÿ íà÷àòü (èëè ïðîäîëæèòü) ïðîãðàììó ñ êîíêðåòíîãî àäðåñà, òî íåîáõîäèìî ïåðåéòè íà ýòîò àäðåñ íàæàòèåì êëàâèøè ÁÏ è ââîäîì àäðåñà. Îñòàíîâ âû÷èñëåíèé îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ ïîâòîðíûì íàæàòèåì êëàâèøè Ñ/Ï. </P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR> <TABLE width="96%" border="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <DIV align="center"> <P><B>Îòëè÷èÿ îò îðèãèíàëàëüíîãî Á3-34.</B></P> <P align="left">Ïðè êîñâåííîì îáðàùåíèè êîìàíä ê ðåãèñòðàì, êîãäà äîëæåí áûòü ñ÷èòàí íîìåð ðåãèñòðà, îò ñîäåðæèìîãî ñò÷èòûâàåìîãî ðåãèñòðà âûäåëÿåòñÿ öåëàÿ ÷àñòü (äðîáíàÿ íå ó÷èòûâàåòñÿ, íî è íå ìåíÿåòñÿ), èç êîòîðîé âûäåëÿòñÿ ìëàäøåå çíà÷èìîå, íå ïðåâûøàþùåå êîëè÷åñòâà ðåãèñòðîâ ïàìÿòè ìèíóñ 1 (ýòî 4 ìëàäøèõ áèòà).  ñëó÷àå ñ÷èòûâàíèÿ àäðåñà ïåðåõîäà èñïîëüçóåòñÿ öåëàÿ ÷àñòü ñîäåðæèìîãî ðåãèñòðà. Åñëè àäðåñ ïåðåõîäà îêàæåòñÿ çà ïðåäåëàìè ïðîãðàììû, - ïðîãðàììà âûäàñò ñîîòâåòñòâóþùåå ïðåäóïðåæäåíèå. </P> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <P align="center"><!-- #BeginDate format:Sw1m -->5 May, 2002 3:02<!-- #EndDate --> </P> </BODY> </HTML>