570 lines
21 KiB
Plaintext
570 lines
21 KiB
Plaintext
A free Macintosh Port of Info-ZIP's
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Zip and UnZip
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By Dirk Haase, d_haase@sitec.net
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Home page: www.sitec.net/maczip
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Mirror page:
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www.haase-online.de/dirk/maczip
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================================
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Abstract:
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---------
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MacZip is a cross-platform compatible tool that includes
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both Zip (for compression) and UnZip (for extraction).
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Zip is a compression and file packaging utility for Unix,
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VMS, MSDOS, OS/2, Windows 9x, Windows NT, Atari, Macintosh,
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Amiga, Acorn RISC OS, and other systems.
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UnZip unpacks zip archives. The Zip and UnZip programs can
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process archives produced by PKZIP, and PKZIP and PKUNZIP
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can work with archives produced by zip. Zip version 2.2 is
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compatible with PKZIP 2.04.
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If you are new to MacZip please read first the file
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"ReadMe.1st".
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License:
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--------
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Copyright (c) 1990-2001 Info-ZIP. All rights reserved.
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See the accompanying file LICENSE, version 2000-Apr-09 or later
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(the contents of which are also included in unzip.h) for terms of use.
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If, for some reason, all these files are missing, the Info-ZIP license
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also may be found at: ftp://ftp.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/license.html
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Requirements
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------------
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MacZip requires at least System 7 and a Macintosh with a
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minimum of a Motorola 68020 or PowerPC 601 processor. Other
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configurations may work but it is not tested at all.
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The application is distributed as a fat binary with both
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regular 68K and native PowerPC versions included.
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Installation
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------------
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Move the executable(s) somewhere--for example, drag it (or
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them) to your Applications folder. For easy access, make an
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alias in the Launcher Control Panel or directly on your
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desktop. The GUI is very simple. It was not my intention to
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make a full-blown GUI, however I think it is comfortable
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enough to use it as regular tool.
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This port supports also Apple-event. So you can install it
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in your WWW-Browser as a helper app.
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For more Info about the contents of this package, take a
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look into the "macos/Contents" (or :macos:Contents) file.
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Some notes on how to rebuild the Macintosh applications can
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be found in INSTALL.
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Usage:
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------
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Basically there are four ways to start MacZip:
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a) Drag'n Drop
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b) using the Dialog box (Menu: File -> Zip/Unzip):
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Please read the file "ReadMe.1st"
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for the description of the items a and b.
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c) Using the Command line (Menu: File->Command Line):
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The Zip & UnZip tools are command line tools. So the
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behavior is exactly the same like the Zip & UnZip tools on
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Unix or Windows/DOS. This means, if you want to zip some
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files, you have to write a command line like this: "zip
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[switches] path_to_zip_archive path_to_files_folders"
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- Go to "File", select "Command Line" and the
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"MacZip Entry box" Dialog Box appears.
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An example:
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a: your zip may be created at
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Macintosh HD:applications:archive.zip
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b: your files may be found at
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Macintosh HD:somewhere:my_folder_to_archive:*
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Note: At the end of the path there must be a filename or
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a wildcard !
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(see Footnotes: 1 wildcard, 2 Mac path names)
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So the command line should look like (one line!):
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zip "Macintosh HD:applications:archive.zip" "Macintosh HD:somewhere:my_folder_to_archive:*"
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- Click on "Enter" to start the task.
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Since you can not set a default folder you have to enter
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always a full qualified path names. Full-qualified path
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names are path names including the Volume name ! (see
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Footnote: 2 Mac path names)
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d) Using Applescript:
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There is only one additional event defined: "do_cmd". You
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can enter every valid command line. The first word must be
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"zip" or "unzip" to select the action (compress or
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extraction).
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See sample Applescript:
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tell application "MacZip (PPC)"
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activate
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with timeout of 90000 seconds
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do_cmd "zip -rjjN Volume:archive \"My Volume:*\" "
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end timeout
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end tell
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This script opens MacZip, brings it to the foreground on the
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Mac, starts the zip action with the command line: zip -rjjN
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Volume:archive "My Volume:*" .
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A short introduction is also available online:
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http://www.sitec.net/maczip/How-To-Do/
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It's possible to stop the run of Zip/Unzip with the well
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known shortcut [Command] + [.].
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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There are some Mac-specific switches available.
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Zip Module:
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-df [MacOS] Include only data-fork of files zipped into
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the archive. Good for exporting files to foreign
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operating-systems. Resource-forks will be ignored
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at all.
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-jj [MacOS] record Fullpath (+ Volname). The complete
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path including volume will be stored. By default
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the relative path will be stored.
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-S [MSDOS, OS/2, WIN32 and ATARI] Include system and
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hidden files.
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[MacOS] Includes finder invisible files, which are
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ignored otherwise.
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Unzip Module:
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-E [MacOS only] display contents of MacOS extra field
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during restore operation.
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-i [MacOS only] ignore filenames stored in MacOS extra
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fields. Instead, the most compatible filename
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stored in the generic part of the entry's header is
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used.
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-J [MacOS only] ignore MacOS extra fields. All Macin-
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tosh specific info is skipped. Data-fork and
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resource-fork are restored as separate files.
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Select [File]->[Get Help on Zip/Unzip] for a complete list
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of switches.
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Limitations / Problems:
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-----------------------
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- Aliases are not supported. I tried, but I got broken
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aliases. This port will silently ignore all aliases.
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It's on my to-do list for future releases.
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- Zip needs much memory to compress many files: You may need
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to increase the 'Preferred Size' in 'Get Info'. Values of 12
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Megabytes or more are possible
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- Unzip needs about 500 Kbytes of memory to unzip no matter
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how many files were compressed and expanded.
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- and finally one big macintosh-related problem:
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This port has one weak point: It's based on path names.
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As you may be already know: Path names are not unique on a Mac !
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The main reason is that an attempt to implement support exact
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saving of the MacOS specific internal file structures would
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require a throughout rewrite of major parts of shared code,
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probably sacrifying compatibility with other systems. I have
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no solution at the moment. The port will just warn you if you
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try zip from / to a volume which has a duplicate name.
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MacZip has problems to find the archive or the files. My
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(Big) recommendation: Name all your volumes with a unique
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name and MacZip will run without any problem.
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Known Bugs:
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- crypted files in a zip archive are sometimes corrupt:
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I get an error message: invalid compressed data to inflate.
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Appearance of this error is purely be chance: I did a small
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test: Unzipping an archive containing 3589 files 56 files
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fails to unzip, so about 1.5%. Root cause is completely
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unclear to me :(
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I strongly recommend to test your archive (e.g. unzip -t archive).
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Zip Programs / Macintosh Extra-Data:
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-----------------------------------------
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A brief overview:
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Currently, as far as I know, there are 6 Zip programs
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available for the Macintosh platform. These programs build
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(of course) different variants of Zip files:
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- Info-ZIP's first Port of Zip. Ported by Johnny Lee
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This port is rather outdated and no longer supported (since 1992).
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68K only. Only minimal Mac-info is stored
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(Creator/Type, Finder attributes). Creator/Type: '????' / '????'
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Until year 1998, only UnZip 5.32 survived.
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- ZipIt by Tom Brown. This is Shareware and still supported I think.
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ZipIt has a nice GUI, but I found it can't handle large Zip files
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quite well. ZipIt compresses Macintosh files using the Mac Binary
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format. So, transferring files to other platforms is not so easy.
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Only minimal Mac-info is stored (Creator/Type, Finder attributes).
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Mac filenames are changed to a most compatible filename.
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Creator/Type: 'ZIP ' / 'ZIP '
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- PKZIP/mac v2.03/210d. This is Shareware.
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This Zip implementation for the Mac can be found on ASI's web site
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(http://www.asizip.com/products/products.htm). The name of this
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program is misleading, it is NOT a product from PKWARE. ASI's last
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release version is v2.03, and they also offer a newer beta version
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PKZIP/mac 210d. But even the Beta version is rather outdated (1995).
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Only minimal Mac-info is stored (Creator/Type, Finder attributes).
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The Zipfile format looks like incompatible to other platforms.
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(More details about the compatibility issue can be found in
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proginfo/3rdparty.bug!). Type: 'PKz1'
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Mac filenames are restored without any change.
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- Aladdin DropZip 1999, This is Shareware. Aladdin chose
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the format of ZipIt. Therefore, it has the some drawbacks
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like ZipIt.
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Creator/Type: 'SITx' / 'ZIP '
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- SmartZip 1.0 1999 - by Marco Bambini Vampire Software.
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This is Shareware. SmartZip compresses Macintosh files using the
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Mac Binary. Therefore, it has the same drawbacks like ZipIt.
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Creator/Type: 'dZIP' / 'ZIP '
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and finally:
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- Info-ZIP's latest Port of Zip. MacZip 1.0. Ported by me :-)
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It is supported (of course) and up to date. Full set of macintosh
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info is stored: Creator/Type, Finder attributes, Finder comments,
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MacOS 8.0 Folder settings, Icon/Folder Positions ...
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Mac filenames are restored without any change.
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Creator/Type: 'IZip' / 'ZIP '
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Compatibility of my port; Extraction:
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- Archives from Info-ZIP's first port (by Johnny Lee) are
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still compatible.
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- Extraction of ZipIt archives is supported. This support
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is not complete: Filenames are correct but Directory names
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are sometimes mangled to a DOS compatible form. Segmented
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archives are not supported.
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- PKZiP/mac archive files are extracted without resource-forks
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and without any Finder info. I have no information about
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that zip format.
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Compatibility of my port; Compression:
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- My port supports only the new Info-ZIP format (introduced
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with this port). Therefore archives created by MacZip 1.0
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(March 1999) must be extracted with this version or later
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releases of Info-ZIP's UnZip to restore the complete set of
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Macintosh attributes.
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Note: This port is complete unrelated to the shareware ZipIt.
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Even more, handling of special Macintosh attributes is
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incompatible with ZipIt. This port (MacZip) may be used to
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extract archives created by ZipIt, but make sure that you
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get the result as you expected.
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Macintosh Files; File Forks:
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----------------------------
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All Macintosh files comprise two forks, known as the data
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fork and the resource fork. Unlike the bytes stored in the
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resource fork, the bytes in the data fork do not have to
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exhibit any particular internal structure. The application
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is responsible for interpreting the bytes in the data fork
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in whatever manner is appropriate. The bytes in the resource
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fork usually have a defined internal structure and contain
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data object like menus, dialog boxes, icons and pictures.
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Although all Macintosh files contain both a data fork and a
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resource fork, one or both of these forks may be empty.
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MacZip stores data-forks and resource-forks separately. The
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Zipfile format does not allow to store two archive entries
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using exactly the same name. My solution is to modify the
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Path name of the resource-fork. All resource-fork names are
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prepended with a leading special directory named
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"XtraStuf.mac". So, when extracting on a Mac, you should
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never see this directory "XtraStuf.mac" on your *disk*.
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On all foreign systems that support directories in filenames
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(e.g.: OS/2, Unix, DOS/Windows, VMS) you will get a
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directory "XtraStuf.mac" when extracting MacZip archives.
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You can delete the complete directory "XtraStuf.mac" since
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Mac resources do not make much sense outside the MacOS
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world.
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Text encoding; Charsets of the Filenames:
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-----------------------------------------
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The following information is only important if you plan to
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transfer archives across different platforms/language systems:
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A typical Zip archive does not support different charsets.
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All filenames stored in the public area (= accessible by
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foreign systems other than MacOS) must be coded in the
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charset ISO-8859-1 (CP1252 in the Microsoft Windows world)
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or CP850 (DOSLatin1). The latter should only be used by Zip
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programs that mark the archive entries as "created under
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DOS". Apart from Macs, the commonly used platforms either
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support ISO-8859-1 directly, or are compatible with it. To
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achieve maximum compatibility, MacZip convert filenames from
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the Mac OS Roman character set to ISO-8859-1 and vice versa.
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But not every char of the charset MacRoman has their
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equivalent in ISO-8859-1. To make the mapping in most cases
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possible, I chose most similar chars or at least the MIDDLE
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DOT.
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Mac OS Roman character set is used for at least the
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following Mac OS localizations: U.S., British, Canadian
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French, French, Swiss French, German, Swiss German, Italian,
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Swiss Italian, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Finnish,
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Spanish, Catalan, Portuguese, Brazilian, and the default
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International system.
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In all Mac OS encodings, character codes 0x00-0x7F are
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identical to ASCII, except that
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- in Mac OS Japanese, yen sign replaces reverse solidus
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- in Mac OS Arabic, Farsi, and Hebrew, some of the
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punctuation in this range is treated as having strong
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left-right directionality, although the corresponding
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Unicode characters have neutral directionality
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So, for best compatibility, confine filenames to the standard
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7-bit ASCII character set.
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If you generate a filename list of your archive (unzip -l),
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you will see the converted filenames. Your can also extract
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the archive with the switch '-i' (= ignore mac filenames),
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and test your result.
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This MacZip port uses its own filename stored in the
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archive. At the moment, the filename will be not converted.
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However, I'm planning to add support for Unicode.
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Currently, the following Mac OS encodings are NOT supported:
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Japanese, ChineseTrad, Korean, Arabic, Hebrew, Greek,
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Cyrillic, Devanagari, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Oriya, Bengali,
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Tamil, Telugu Kannada, Malayalam, Sinhalese, Burmese, Khmer,
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Thai, Laotian, Georgian, Armenian, ChineseSimp, Tibetan,
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Mongolian, Ethiopic, Vietnamese, ExtArabic and finally:
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Symbol - this is the encoding for the font named "Symbol".
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Dingbats - this is the encoding for the font named "Zapf Dingbats".
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If you extract an archive coded with one of these
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charsets you will probably get filenames with funny
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characters.
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These problems apply only to filenames and NOT to the file
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content.
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of course: The content of the files will NEVER be converted !!
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File-/Creator Type:
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-------------
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This port uses the creator type 'IZip' and it is registered
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at Apple (since 08. March 1998). File types can not be
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registered any more. This port uses 'ZIP ' for Zip archive
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files. The creator 'IZip' type should be used for all future
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versions of MacZip.
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Hints for proper restoration of file-time stamps:
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-------------------------------------------------
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UnZip requires the host computer to have proper time zone
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information in order to handle certain tasks correctly (see
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unzip.txt). To set the time zone on the Macintosh, go to
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the Map Control Panel and enter the correct number of hours
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(and, in a few locales, minutes) offset from Universal
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Time/Greenwich Mean Time. For example, the US Pacific time
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zone is -8 hours from UTC/GMT during standard (winter) time
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and -7 hours from UTC/GMT during Daylight Savings Time. The
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US Eastern time zone is -5 hours during the winter and -4
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hours during the summer.
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Discussion of Daylight Savings Time
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-----------------------------------
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The setting in the Date & Time control panel for Daylight
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Savings time is a universal setting. That is, it assumes
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everybody in the world is observing Daylight Savings time
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when its check box is selected.
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If other areas of the world are not observing Daylight
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Savings time when the check box is selected in the Date &
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Time control panel, then the Map control panel will be off
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by an hour for all areas that are not recognizing Daylight
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Savings time.
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Conversely, if you set the Map control panel to an area that
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does not observe Daylight Savings time and deselect/uncheck
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the check box for Daylight Savings time in the Date & Time
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control panel, then time in all areas celebrating Daylight
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Savings time will be off by an hour in the Map control
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panel.
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Example:
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In the case of Hawaiians, sometimes they are three hours
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behind Pacific Standard Time (PST) and sometimes two hours
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behind Pacific Daylight Time (PDT). The Map control panel
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can only calculate differences between time zones relative
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to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Hawaii will always show up as
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three hours past the Pacific time zone and five hours past
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the Central time zone.
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When Hawaiians are not observing Daylight Savings time, but
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the rest of the country is, there is no combination of
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settings in Map and Date & Time control panels which will
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enable you to display Hawaiian local time correctly AND
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concurrently display the correct time in other places that
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do observe Daylight Savings time.
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The knowledge about which countries observe Daylight Savings
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time and which do not is not built into the Map control
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panel, so it does not allow for such a complex calculation.
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This same situation also occurs in other parts of the world
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besides Hawaii. Phoenix, Arizona is an example of an area of
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the U.S. which also does not observe Daylight Savings time.
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Conclusion:
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MacZip only knows the GMT and DST offsets of the
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current time, not for the time in question.
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Projects & Packages:
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--------------------
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A Note to version numbers: Version of MacZip is currently
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1.06 and is based on the zip code version 2.3 and unzip code
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version 5.42. See About Box for current version and compiler
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build date.
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Because of the amount of sources I splitted this port into
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several projects. See http://www.sitec.net/maczip for
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updates.
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- core source parts:
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unzxxx.zip
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zipxxx.zip
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These archives contains the main parts of the port. You can
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build libraries and a standalone App with Metrowerks
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standard console SIOUX. They contain only sources, no
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executables. These archives are exact copies of the standard
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Info-ZIP source distributions; they were only repackaged
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under MacOS using MacZip, with one minor addition: For those
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files that are stored in BinHex'ed format in the Info-ZIP
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reference source archives, unpacked version that are ready
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for use have been added.
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- additional source part:
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MacZipxxx.zip: contains all the GUI stuff and the project
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files to build the main-app. Only sources of the GUI, no
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zip or unzip code. To build MacZip successfully you will
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need to also download the zip and unzip packages.
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- executables:
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MacZipxxxnc.hqx: contains only executables and 'README.TXT',
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This version is without en-/decryption support !
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MacZipxxxc.hqx: contains only executables and 'README.TXT',
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This version supports en-/decryption !
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- encryption sources:
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zcryptxx.zip: To build crypt versions of MacZip.
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download from ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/infozip/ (and subdirectories)
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- documentation:
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MacZipDocu.zip: contains some further docus about the algorithm,
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limits, Info-ZIP's appnote and a How-to-do Webpage.
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Credits:
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--------
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Macstuff.c and recurse.c: All the functions are from More Files.
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More Files fixes many of the broken or underfunctional parts of
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the file system. Thanks to Jim Luther. (see morefiles.doc)
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Footnotes:
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1. wildcard:
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The '*' is a wildcard and means 'all files'
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Just in case you don't know wildcards:
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'*' is a place holder for any character.
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e.g.:
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"this*" matches with "this_file" or "this_textfile" but it
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doesn't match with "only_this_file" or "first_this_textfile"
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"*this*" matches with "this_file" or "this_textfile" AND
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matches with "only_this_file" or "first_this_textfile"
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2. Mac pathnames:
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The following characteristics of Macintosh pathnames should
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be noted:
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A full pathname never begins with a colon, but must contain
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at least one colon.
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A partial pathname always begins with a colon separator except
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in the case where the file partial pathname is a simple file or
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directory name.
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Single trailing separator colons in full or partial pathnames
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are ignored except in the case of full pathnames to volumes.
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In full pathnames to volumes, the trailing separator colon is
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required.
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Consecutive separator colons can be used to ascend a level
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from a directory to its parent directory. Two consecutive
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separator colons will ascend one level, three consecutive
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separator colons will ascend two levels, and so on. Ascending
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can only occur from a directory; not a file.
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Dirk Haase
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==========
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