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CMD - Èíòåðïðåòàòîð êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè äëÿ Menuet
Íàïèñàíî by Chemist dmitry_gt@tut.by
Âåðñèÿ 0.27
Ðóññêèé òåêñò íåìíîãî ïîíèæå.
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CMD - Command Line Interpreter for Menuet
Copyleft Chemist - dmitry_gt@tut.by
Version 0.27
As my english is not well, I will tell a few words about this
program. It supports 14 commands, such as cp (copy file),
rn (rename file), ps (process list), kill (kill process) etc.
You can type 'help' after starting this shell to examine with
other commands. Also it uses several special symbols, such as
&, /, . and +. Use & sumbol to enter params. For example,
type tinypad&cmd.asm to open cmd.asm file in tinypad editor.
/ symbol is used to run special command scripts for CMD.
It's syntax is: /filename without extension (For example,
type /autoexec to execute autoexec.cmd file for CMD). And +
symbol is used in cp and rn commands. You must type
cp example.asm+example.bak to copy example.asm file to
example.bak. Use dot to launch program, if CMD command and
other external command match. For example, type help for
'help' command or type .help to run 'help' program.
This shell supports executeing special command
scripts (something like .BAT files in MS-DOS). This files
have an .CMD extinsion and u must use / symbol to execute it.
U can use any CMD commands and filenames in this scripts.
But you can't run other scripts from any CMD script (/ symbol).
I recommed to use tipypad editor to edit this scripts and do
not leave spaces and other symbols after commands in the script
file, because it's executeing is not very developed yet.
And it's strongly recommended to use ends command in the end
of the script, because there are some problems with redrawing
the window after executing scripts without this command.
Every time when you launch CMD autoexec.cmd file automatically
executes. You can edit or delete this file if you want.
This version of CMD shell supports IPC. It mean, than you can
write your own programs for this shell. Look at .ASM files in
the Examples directory in this archive. I think that you will
understand them without any difficulties. Do not forget, that
you need CMDIPC.ASM file to compile this sources. It's
recommended to compile it with MACROS.INC file (included in
this archieve) to make their size smaller.
And now about some bugs etc.
----------------------------
I've noticed, that there are some difficulties with files with
1 or 2 symbols in extension. I recommend do not use such files
not only in CMD, but almost in every programs in MeOS. It's
possible to create such file in tinypad, and then (in MS-DOS or
Windows) Scandisk will find errors in filenames etc. CMD do
not support properly such filenames now.
In CMDIPC.INC and CMD.ASM I used 5-th function (pause), because
I need it when CMD communicates with IPC programs. It's
even possible, that it will not enough 1/100 sec. on slow PC's,
because CMD need this time to finish IPC-command from other
IPC-program. U can change ebx value in CMDIPC.ASM in pause1:
if you want. But it slows communication betwen CMD and
IPC-programs for CMD. I hope, that you understand my words. :)
Now (in this version) you can launch only one CMD shell.
Because it's difficult to make communication betwen several
copyes of CMD in memory and IPC-programs. I will solve this
problem in future.
I've tested this shell only on Ivan Poddubny's russian
distributive. Also I recommend you to use it. :) CMD shell
is included into this distributive (but possible not it's
final version).
Source code of this program is not optimized yet. I have such
manner of programming from my childhood that my source code
is not very "compact"
etc. ;-)
And now other information:
--------------------------
I do not want CMD design to change. I like white symbols on
the black background. If you want to change the source and
redistribute it, please, do not change it's design. :)
If you will find some bugs or you have some wishes (or even you
correct some mistakes in my english texts) -
email me: dmitry_gt@tut.by
And this program is distributed "as is". Use it on your own
risk. ;-)
And again - my English is not well. :)
That's all!
19.06.2004,
Chemist
Now russian text :)
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Äîñòóïíûå êîìàíäû:
ls [filename] - âûâîä ñïèñêà ôàéëîâ. Åñëè ïîñëå êîìàíäû
óêàçàòü èìÿ ôàéëà, òî êîìàíäà ïðîâåðèò åãî
íà íàëè÷èå.
cp [source_file+destination_file] - êîìàíäà äëÿ
êîïèðîâàíèÿ ôàéëîâ. Ïðîâåðÿåò ôàéëû íà
íàëè÷èå, è â ñëó÷àå îøèáêè âûâîäèò
ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèå ñîîáùåíèÿ.
rn [source_file+destination_file] - êîìàíäà äëÿ
ïåðåèìåíîâàíèÿ ôàéëîâ. Òàê æå
ïðîâåðÿåò ôàéëû íà íàëè÷èå, è â
ñëó÷àå îøèáêè âûâîäèò ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèå
ñîîáùåíèÿ.
ps - âûâîä èíôîðìàöèè î ïðîöåññàõ â ñèñòåìå.
kill - ïðåðâàòü ïðîöåññ â ñèñòåìå. Âíèìàíèå,
ïîñëå êîìàíäû ñëåäóåò ââîäèòü 4-õ
çíà÷íûé íîìåð ïðîöåññà, à íå PID. Íîìåð
ïðîöåññà óêàçàí â ïîñëåäíåé êîëîíêå ïðè
âûçîâå êîìàíäû ps.
help - âûâîä êðàòêîé ñïðàâî÷íîé èíôîðìàöèè.
ver - âûâîä èñïîëüçóåìîé âåðñèè èíòåðïðåòàòîðà.
cls - î÷èñòêà ýêðàíà.
exit - âûõîä èç èíòåðïðåòàòîðà.
del [filename] - óäàëèòü ôàéë ñ ðàìäèñêà. Ïðè îòñóòñòâèè
çàïðàøèâàåìîãî ôàéëà áóäåò âûâåäåíî
ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèå ñîîáùåíèå îá îøèáêå.
shutdown - çàâåðøèòü ðàáîòó ñèñòåìû.
pause - îæèäàòü íàæàòèå êëàâèøè. Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ
"âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ" ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ ñ êîìàíäíûìè
ñêðèïòàìè äëÿ êîíñîëè (èíòåðïðåòàòîðà).
Íàïðèìåð, ìîæíî èñïîëüçîâàòü äàííûé ñêðèïò
echo Do you want to delete cmd.asm?
pause
del cmd.asm
äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû ïîèíòåðåñîâàòüñÿ ìíåíèåì
ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ, õî÷åò ëè îí óäàëèòü ôàéë cmd.asm
èëè ïðåðâàòü ðàáîòó ñêðèïòà.
pause >nul Òî æå ñàìîå, òîëüêî áåç âûâîäà ñòðîêè
'Press ane key to continue (ESC - cancel)'
echo [text] - âûâîä òåêñòà íà ýêðàí. Ïðåäíàçíà÷åíà äëÿ
ïîäà÷è ïîëüçîâàòåëþ èíôîðìàöèè èç êîìàíäíîãî
ñêðèïòà. Åñëè ââåñòè êîìàíäó echo áåç òåêñòà,
òî ýòî ïðîñòî âûçîâåò ïåðåõîä íà ñëåäóþùóþ
ñòðîêó.
ends - êîìàíäà, äîñòóïíàÿ òîëüêî èç èñïîëíÿåìûõ
ñêðèïòîâ. Ñëóæèò äëÿ èõ êîððåêòíîãî çàâåðøåíèÿ,
ò.ê. èíîãäà êîìàíäíûå ñêðèïòû, ó êîòîðûõ â
êîíöå ñòîÿëè íåíóæíûå ïðîáåëû èëè ñèìâîëû EOL,
âûçûâàëè ïðîáëåìû ñ ïåðåðèñîâêîé îêíà. Ñêîðåå
âñåãî ýòà êîìàíäà ïðèñóòñòâóåò â êîíñîëè
âðåìåííî è áóäåò óáðàíà ïîñëå ðåøåíèÿ ýòîé
ïðîáëåìû.
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Óïðàâëÿþùèå ñèìâîëû:
/[êîìàíäíûé ñêðèïò] - ïðåäíàçíà÷åí äëÿ âûçîâà íà èñïîëíåíèå
êîìàíäíîãî ñêðèïòà èç êîíñîëè. Íå ìîæåò
èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ â íåïîñðåäñòâåííî â ñàìèõ
êîìàíäíûõ ñêðèïòàõ. Åñëè ðàñøèðåíèå èñïîë-
íÿåìîãî ñêðèïòà .cmd, òî åãî óêàçûâàòü
íåîáÿçàòåëüíî.
& - äàííûé ñèìâîë èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ ïåðåäà÷è âûçûâàåìîé
ïðîãðàììå ïàðàìåòðîâ. Íàïðèìåð, êîìàíäà tinypad&cmd.asm
ïåðåäàñò ïðîãðàììå tinypad ïàðàìåòð cmd.asm,
ñîîòâåòñòâåííî, tinypad îòêðîåò ôàéë cmd.asm.
+ - ðàçäåëÿåò èìåíà èñõîäíîãî è ðåçóëüòèðóþùåãî ôàéëîâ â
êîìàíäàõ cp è rn.
. - çàïóñêàåò óêàçàííóþ ïîñëå òî÷êè ïðîãðàììó, äàæå åñëè îíà
ñîâïàäàåò ñ êîìàíäîé CMD. Íàïðèìåð, help - âûïîëíèòü
êîìàíäó 'help', íî .help - çàïóñòèòü âíåøíþþ ïðîãðàììó
'help' (õîòÿ òàêîé ïîêà âðîäå è íåòó :).
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Íàâèãàöèÿ ïî êîíñîëè:
Äëÿ ðåäàêòèðîâàíèÿ êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè èñïîëüçóþòñÿ êëàâèøè ESC,
BACKSPACE. ESC - äëÿ óäàëåíèÿ âñåé êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè,
BACKSPACE - äëÿ óäàëåíèÿ ïîñëåäíåãî ââåäåííîãî ñèìâîëà. Ïî
ìîåìó ìíåíèþ, èñïîëüçîâàíèå òàêèõ êëàâèø, êàê HOME, END, ARROW
KEY etc. íå èìååò ñìûñëà, ò.ê. ââîäèìûå êîìàíäû ñëèøêîì
ïðîñòû è íå òðåáóþò ïîäðîáíîãî ðåäàêòèðîâàíèÿ. Ïîýòîìó ÿ
îñòàâèë âñå ïðèìåðíî òàê, êàê áûëî â MS-DOS 6.22.
Êëàâèøà UPARROW èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ ïîâòîðà ïîñëåäíåé ââåäåííîé
êîìàíäû.
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Èñïîëüçîâàíèå IPC âî âíåøíèõ ïðîãðàììàõ:
Âû ìîæåòå ïèñàòü ïðîãðàììû, âçàèìîäåéñòâóþùèå ñ CMD ÷åðåç IPC.
 îñíîâíîì, ÿ ïîëàãàþ, ýòî ìîæåò ïðèãîäèòñÿ äëÿ íàïèñàíèÿ
êîíñîëüíûõ ïðèëîæåíèé äëÿ ñàìîãî CMD (õîòÿ âîçìîæíî è äðóãîå).
Äëÿ ýòîãî, ê âàøåé ïðîãðàììå âàì íåîáõðäèìî ïîäêëþ÷èòü ôàéë
CMDIPC.INC (Åñòåñòâåííî, îò ýòîãî ðàçìåð ïðîãðàììû ïîñëå
êîìïèëÿöèè íåñêîëüêî óâåëè÷èòñÿ). Ïîñëå ýòîãî âàì ñòàíóò
äîñòóïíû 6 ôóíêöèè IPC, êîòîðûå âû ìîæåòå âûçûâàòü ñ ïîìîùüþ
call èç ñâîåé æå ïðîãðàììû. Âîò èõ îïèñàíèå:
---------------------------------------------------------------
initipc - èíèöèàëèçàöèÿ IPC äëÿ ðàáîòû ñ CMD.
call initipc - èíèöèàëèçèðîâàòü IPC äëÿ ðàáîòû ñ CMD.
ÂÍÈÌÀÍÈÅ! Èñïîëüçóéòå â ñàìîì íà÷àëå ïðîãðàììû. CMD áóäåò æäàòü
òîëüêî 10/100 ñåêóíäû äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû ïîëó÷èòü
ñîîáùåíèå ïî IPC (õîòÿ ýòîãî âïîëíå äîñòàòî÷íî).
---------------------------------------------------------------
print - âûâåñòè ñòðîêó â ýêðàí CMD.
mov eax,strlen
mov ebx,string
call print
Ãäå strlen - äëèíà ñòðîêè â áàéòàõ,
string - óêàçàòåëü íà ñòðîêó.
call print - âûâîä ñòðîêè.
---------------------------------------------------------------
cls - î÷èñòèòü ýêðàí CMD.
call cls - âûçâàòü î÷èñòêó ýêðàíà.
---------------------------------------------------------------
eol - ïðîïóñòèòü ñòðîêó.
call eol - âûçâàòü ïðîïóñ ñòðîêè.
---------------------------------------------------------------
getkey - ñ÷èòàòü êîä íàæàòîé êëàâèøè â CMD.
call getkey - îæèäàòü íàæàòèÿ êëàâèøè è ñ÷èòàòü åå êîä.
Âûâîä: byte [key] - êîä íàæàòîé êëàâèøè.
ÂÍÈÌÀÍÈÅ: Ïîñëå çàïóñêà ïðîãðàììû èç CMD, êîòîðàÿ
ïîääåðæèâàåò IPC, òî îêíî CMD àêòèâèðóåòñÿ ñðàçó
ïîñëå çàïóñêà ïðîãðàììû. Ïîýòîìó, óæå íå íóæíî
òûêàòü ìûøêîé íà îêíî äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû ââåñòè
÷òî-íèáóäü â êîíñîëü, êàê ýòî áûëî â ïðîøëûõ âåðñèÿõ.
---------------------------------------------------------------
endipc - Çàâåðøèòü ðàáîòó IPC-ïðîãðàììû.
call endipc - çàâåðøèòü ïðîãðàììó.
---------------------------------------------------------------
Âîîáùåì, âû ìîæåòå ïîñìîòðåòü ôàéë HELLO.ASM, êîòîðûé ëåæèò â
ýòîì àðõèâå. Òàì âñå äîëæíî áûòü ïîíÿòíî. Åñòåñòâåííî, íèêòî
âàì íå ìåøàåò èñïîëüçîâàòü ïàðàìåòðû â IPC-ïðîãðàììàõ äëÿ CMD.
Ñìîòðèòå ïðèìåð PARAM.ASM.
Êñòàòè, â ñàìîì CMD è â CMDIPC.INC èñïîëüçóåòñÿ 5-ÿ ôóíêöèÿ
(ïàóçà) äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû äàòü âðåìÿ äðóã-äðóãó âûïîëíèòü
òðåáóåìûå îò íèõ ÷åðåç IPC äåéñòâèÿ. È åñëè ó âàñ êîìï ñèëüíî
òîðìîçíþ÷èé, òî âîçìîæíî, âûäåëåííîãî âðåìåíè áóäåò
íåäîñòàòî÷íî. Ýòî íå ñëîæíî ïîëå÷èòü, óâåëè÷èâ çíà÷åíèå
ebx ïåðåä âûçîâîì ôóíêöèè ÿäðà (eax,5 - ïàóçà). Â ïðîòèâíîì
ñëó÷àå ìîãóò ïîâûëåòàòü âûçîâû IPC èëè ÷òî-íèáóäü âîîáùå
çàâèñíåò (ïåðâîå - âåðîÿòíåå). Íî, åñòåñòâåííî, íè÷åãî
ñòðàøíîãî â ýòîì íåò. ;-)
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Èçâåñòíûå îøèáêè è íåäîðàáîòêè:
Ïðè ðàáîòå ñ êîíñîëüþ CMD è ñèñòåìîé MenuetOS âîîáùå, ÿ
çàìåòèë,÷òî íåêîòîðûå ñîçäàííûå â Menuet ôàéëû íå
âîñïðèíèìàþòñÿ MS-DOS. Ýòî â ïåðâóþ î÷åðåäü êàñàåòñÿ ôàéëîâ,
ñ èìåíàìè òèïà 1.1, b.bb è ò.ä. Ïîýòîìó âîçìîæíû ðàçëè÷íûå
òóïèêîâûå ñèòóàöèè ïðè âçàèìîäåéñòâèè ñîçäàííûõ èëè
êîïèðîâàííûõ ôàéëîâ â MeOS ñ âîñïðèÿòèåì èõ â MS-DOS è Windows
ñèñòåìàõ. È êàñàåòñÿ ýòî íå òîëüêî CMD, íî, íàïðèìåð, è
òèíèïàäà. Ïîýòîìó ÿ ðåêîìåíäóþ èñïîëüçîâàòü â Menuet ôàéëû èëè
áåç ðàñøèðåíèÿ âîîáùå, èëè ñ ïîëíûì ðàñøèðåíèåì (çàíèìàþùèì
âñå 3 áàéòà, ò.å. filename.ext, à íå filename.ex). Â ïðèíöèïå
ìåõàíèçì êîìàíä LS, LS èìÿ_ôàéëà, CP, DEL è RN èçìåíåí, íî
ïîêà íåò ñîâìåñòèìîñòè ìåæäó ðàçëè÷íûìè ïðîãðàììàìè,
ðàáîòàþùèìè ñ ôàéëàìè â Menuet. Ò.å. äàæå âîçìîæíî,
÷òî âû íå ñìîæåòå ðàáîòàòü â êîíñîëè ñ ôàéëîì, ñîçäàííîì â
òèíèïàäå, à ïîòîì skandisk âîîáùå âûäàñò îøèáêó ïðè ïðîâåðêå
ôàéëîâîé ñòðóêòóðû äèñêåòû, êîãäà íàòêíåòñÿ íà ýòîò ôàéë, è îí
íå áóäåò ÷èòàåì èç windows èëè MS-DOS.  ïðèíöèïå, ÿ òåñòèðîâàë
ïðîãðàììó òîëüêî íà ìîåì PC, ïîýòîìó âîçìîæíî âñ¸. :)
P.S. Êîìàíäà LS ïîêàæåò ïîëíîñòüþ âñå ôàéëû íà ðàìäèñêå, â òîì
÷èñëå òå, êîòîðûå ñîçäàíû íåïðàâèëüíî è íå áóäóò ðàáîòàòü â
MS-DOS, LS èìÿ_ôàéëà è ò.ä. ìîæåò óæå èõ íå çàìåòèòü. Â
ïðèíöèïå òàêàÿ æå êàðòèíà áóäåò è â windows. Ò.å. âû ñìîæåòå
ëèöåçðåòü èìåíà ýòèõ ôàéëîâ, íàïðèìåð, â windows commander'e,
íî áëîêíîò èõ íå îòêðîåò.
Äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáà äàòü âðåìÿ CMD îáðàáîòàòü IPC-çàïðîñ, â
CMDIPC.ASM ìíå ïðèøëîñü èñïîëüçîâàòü 5-þ ôóíêöèþ (ïàóçà),
ïîýòîìó íåìíîãî çàìåäëÿåòñÿ âðåìÿ ïîëó÷åíèÿ íîâûõ IPC-çàïðîñîâ.
 äàííîé âåðñèè âû íå ìîæåòå çàïóñêàòü áîëüøå îäíîãî
òåðìèíàëà CMD îäíîâðåìåííî. Ýòî ñâÿçàíî ñ òåì, ÷òî ÿ åùå íå
äîáàâèë âîçìîæíîñòè ðàáîòû íåñêîëüêèõ êîíñîëåé ñ
IPC-ïðîãðàììàìè îäíîâðåìåííî.
Êîä ïðîãðàììû íà äàííûé ìîìåíò íåîïòèìèçèðîâàí.
etc. :)
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Âìåñòå ñ ïðîãðàììîé ïîñòàâëÿåòñÿ ôàéë autoexec.cmd, êîòîðûé
àâòîìàòè÷åñêè èñïîëíÿåòñÿ ïðè çàïóñêå èíòåðïðåòàòîðà. Åãî
ìîæíî óäàëèòü ïðè íåíàäîáíîñòè.
Äëÿ âûçîâà ïðèìåðà èñïîëíÿåìîãî ñêðèïðà íàáåðèòå /example
Âñâÿçè ñ ìîëîäîñòüþ è ÷àñòè÷íîé íåäîðàáîòàííîñòè ñàìîé
ïðîãðàììû âîçìîæíû îøèáêè â å¸ ðàáîòå, î êîòîðûõ ïðîñüáà
ñîîáùàòü íà dmitry_gt@tut.by
 áëèæàéøåå âðåìÿ íå ïëàíèðóåòñÿ íîâûõ íîâîââåäåíèé â êîíñîëü,
ò.ê. íà å¸ äîðàáîòêó óõîäèò ìíîãî âðåìåíè è ÿ ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî îíà
è íà äàííûé ìîìåíò áîëåå-ìåíåå ôóíêöèîíàëüíà (â ìàñøòàáàõ
MenuetOS, êîíå÷íî). ß ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî ðàöèîíàëüíåå áóäåò ñêîíöåíò-
ðèðîâàòüñÿ íà óñòàíåíèè áàãîâ è íåäîðàáîòîê â ïðîãðàììå.
Åñëè êòî-íèáóäü ïîæåëàåò äîäåëàòü ïðîãðàììó, òî ÿ áû ïîïðîñèë
íå èçìåíÿòü å¸ äèçàéí (ìíå îí íðàâèòñÿ ;-) ).
Î âñåõ îøèáêàõ ( òîì ÷èñëå ãðàììàòè÷åñêèõ â àíãëèéñêîì òåêñòå)
ïðîñüáà ñîîáùàòü íà dmitry_gt@tut.by
È åùå çàáûë ñêàçàòü, òî ïðîãðàììà ðàñïîñòðàíÿåòñÿ "as is", è
àâòîð íå íåñåò îòâåòñòâåííîñòè çà âîçìîæíûé óùåðá, ïðè÷èíåííûé
ïðîãðàììîé.
19.06.2004,
Chemist