forked from KolibriOS/kolibrios
1701 lines
64 KiB
Groff
1701 lines
64 KiB
Groff
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.\" ========================================================================
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.\"
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.IX Title "FFMPEG-FORMATS 1"
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.TH FFMPEG-FORMATS 1 "2013-12-14" " " " "
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.SH "NAME"
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ffmpeg\-formats \- FFmpeg formats
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
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This document describes the supported formats (muxers and demuxers)
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provided by the libavformat library.
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.SH "FORMAT OPTIONS"
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.IX Header "FORMAT OPTIONS"
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The libavformat library provides some generic global options, which
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can be set on all the muxers and demuxers. In addition each muxer or
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demuxer may support so-called private options, which are specific for
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that component.
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.PP
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Options may be set by specifying \-\fIoption\fR \fIvalue\fR in the
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FFmpeg tools, or by setting the value explicitly in the
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\&\f(CW\*(C`AVFormatContext\*(C'\fR options or using the \fIlibavutil/opt.h\fR \s-1API\s0
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for programmatic use.
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.PP
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The list of supported options follows:
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.IP "\fBavioflags\fR \fIflags\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput/output\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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.IX Item "avioflags flags (input/output)"
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Possible values:
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.RS 4
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.IP "\fBdirect\fR" 4
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.IX Item "direct"
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Reduce buffering.
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.RE
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.RS 4
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.RE
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.IP "\fBprobesize\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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.IX Item "probesize integer (input)"
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|
Set probing size in bytes, i.e. the size of the data to analyze to get
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|
stream information. A higher value will allow to detect more
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information in case it is dispersed into the stream, but will increase
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latency. Must be an integer not lesser than 32. It is 5000000 by default.
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.IP "\fBpacketsize\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIoutput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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.IX Item "packetsize integer (output)"
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|
Set packet size.
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|
.IP "\fBfflags\fR \fIflags\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput/output\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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.IX Item "fflags flags (input/output)"
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|
Set format flags.
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.Sp
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|
Possible values:
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.RS 4
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.IP "\fBignidx\fR" 4
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.IX Item "ignidx"
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|
Ignore index.
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.IP "\fBgenpts\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "genpts"
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|
Generate \s-1PTS\s0.
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|
.IP "\fBnofillin\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "nofillin"
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|
Do not fill in missing values that can be exactly calculated.
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.IP "\fBnoparse\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "noparse"
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|
Disable AVParsers, this needs \f(CW\*(C`+nofillin\*(C'\fR too.
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.IP "\fBigndts\fR" 4
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.IX Item "igndts"
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|
Ignore \s-1DTS\s0.
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|
.IP "\fBdiscardcorrupt\fR" 4
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.IX Item "discardcorrupt"
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|
Discard corrupted frames.
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|
.IP "\fBsortdts\fR" 4
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.IX Item "sortdts"
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|
Try to interleave output packets by \s-1DTS\s0.
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.IP "\fBkeepside\fR" 4
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.IX Item "keepside"
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|
Do not merge side data.
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|
.IP "\fBlatm\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "latm"
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|
Enable \s-1RTP\s0 \s-1MP4A\-LATM\s0 payload.
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|
.IP "\fBnobuffer\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "nobuffer"
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|
Reduce the latency introduced by optional buffering
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|
.RE
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|
.RS 4
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|
.RE
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|
.IP "\fBseek2any\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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.IX Item "seek2any integer (input)"
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|
Allow seeking to non-keyframes on demuxer level when supported if set to 1.
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|
Default is 0.
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|
.IP "\fBanalyzeduration\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "analyzeduration integer (input)"
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|
Specify how many microseconds are analyzed to probe the input. A
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|
higher value will allow to detect more accurate information, but will
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|
increase latency. It defaults to 5,000,000 microseconds = 5 seconds.
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|
.IP "\fBcryptokey\fR \fIhexadecimal string\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "cryptokey hexadecimal string (input)"
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|
Set decryption key.
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|
.IP "\fBindexmem\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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.IX Item "indexmem integer (input)"
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|
Set max memory used for timestamp index (per stream).
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|
.IP "\fBrtbufsize\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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.IX Item "rtbufsize integer (input)"
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|
Set max memory used for buffering real-time frames.
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|
.IP "\fBfdebug\fR \fIflags\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput/output\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "fdebug flags (input/output)"
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|
Print specific debug info.
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|
.Sp
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|
Possible values:
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|
.RS 4
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|
.IP "\fBts\fR" 4
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.IX Item "ts"
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|
.RE
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|
.RS 4
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|
.RE
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|
.PD 0
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|
.IP "\fBmax_delay\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput/output\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "max_delay integer (input/output)"
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|
.PD
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|
Set maximum muxing or demuxing delay in microseconds.
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|
.IP "\fBfpsprobesize\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "fpsprobesize integer (input)"
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|
Set number of frames used to probe fps.
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|
.IP "\fBaudio_preload\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIoutput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "audio_preload integer (output)"
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|
Set microseconds by which audio packets should be interleaved earlier.
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|
.IP "\fBchunk_duration\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIoutput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "chunk_duration integer (output)"
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|
Set microseconds for each chunk.
|
|
.IP "\fBchunk_size\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIoutput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "chunk_size integer (output)"
|
|
Set size in bytes for each chunk.
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|
.IP "\fBerr_detect, f_err_detect\fR \fIflags\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "err_detect, f_err_detect flags (input)"
|
|
Set error detection flags. \f(CW\*(C`f_err_detect\*(C'\fR is deprecated and
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|
should be used only via the \fBffmpeg\fR tool.
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.Sp
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|
Possible values:
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|
.RS 4
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|
.IP "\fBcrccheck\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "crccheck"
|
|
Verify embedded CRCs.
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|
.IP "\fBbitstream\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "bitstream"
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|
Detect bitstream specification deviations.
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|
.IP "\fBbuffer\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "buffer"
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|
Detect improper bitstream length.
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|
.IP "\fBexplode\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "explode"
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|
Abort decoding on minor error detection.
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|
.IP "\fBcareful\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "careful"
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|
Consider things that violate the spec and have not been seen in the
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wild as errors.
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|
.IP "\fBcompliant\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "compliant"
|
|
Consider all spec non compliancies as errors.
|
|
.IP "\fBaggressive\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "aggressive"
|
|
Consider things that a sane encoder should not do as an error.
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|
.RE
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|
.RS 4
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|
.RE
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|
.IP "\fBuse_wallclock_as_timestamps\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
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|
.IX Item "use_wallclock_as_timestamps integer (input)"
|
|
Use wallclock as timestamps.
|
|
.IP "\fBavoid_negative_ts\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIoutput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "avoid_negative_ts integer (output)"
|
|
Shift timestamps to make them non\-negative. A value of 1 enables shifting,
|
|
a value of 0 disables it, the default value of \-1 enables shifting
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|
when required by the target format.
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|
.Sp
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|
When shifting is enabled, all output timestamps are shifted by the
|
|
same amount. Audio, video, and subtitles desynching and relative
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|
timestamp differences are preserved compared to how they would have
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|
been without shifting.
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.Sp
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|
Also note that this affects only leading negative timestamps, and not
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|
non-monotonic negative timestamps.
|
|
.IP "\fBskip_initial_bytes\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "skip_initial_bytes integer (input)"
|
|
Set number of bytes to skip before reading header and frames if set to 1.
|
|
Default is 0.
|
|
.IP "\fBcorrect_ts_overflow\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIinput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "correct_ts_overflow integer (input)"
|
|
Correct single timestamp overflows if set to 1. Default is 1.
|
|
.IP "\fBflush_packets\fR \fIinteger\fR \fB(\fR\fIoutput\fR\fB)\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "flush_packets integer (output)"
|
|
Flush the underlying I/O stream after each packet. Default 1 enables it, and
|
|
has the effect of reducing the latency; 0 disables it and may slightly
|
|
increase performance in some cases.
|
|
.Sh "Format stream specifiers"
|
|
.IX Subsection "Format stream specifiers"
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|
Format stream specifiers allow selection of one or more streams that
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|
match specific properties.
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|
.PP
|
|
Possible forms of stream specifiers are:
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|
.IP "\fIstream_index\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "stream_index"
|
|
Matches the stream with this index.
|
|
.IP "\fIstream_type\fR\fB[:\fR\fIstream_index\fR\fB]\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "stream_type[:stream_index]"
|
|
\&\fIstream_type\fR is one of following: 'v' for video, 'a' for audio,
|
|
\&'s' for subtitle, 'd' for data, and 't' for attachments. If
|
|
\&\fIstream_index\fR is given, then it matches the stream number
|
|
\&\fIstream_index\fR of this type. Otherwise, it matches all streams of
|
|
this type.
|
|
.IP "\fBp:\fR\fIprogram_id\fR\fB[:\fR\fIstream_index\fR\fB]\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "p:program_id[:stream_index]"
|
|
If \fIstream_index\fR is given, then it matches the stream with number
|
|
\&\fIstream_index\fR in the program with the id
|
|
\&\fIprogram_id\fR. Otherwise, it matches all streams in the program.
|
|
.IP "\fB#\fR\fIstream_id\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "#stream_id"
|
|
Matches the stream by a format-specific \s-1ID\s0.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The exact semantics of stream specifiers is defined by the
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`avformat_match_stream_specifier()\*(C'\fR function declared in the
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|
\&\fIlibavformat/avformat.h\fR header.
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|
.SH "DEMUXERS"
|
|
.IX Header "DEMUXERS"
|
|
Demuxers are configured elements in FFmpeg that can read the
|
|
multimedia streams from a particular type of file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
When you configure your FFmpeg build, all the supported demuxers
|
|
are enabled by default. You can list all available ones using the
|
|
configure option \f(CW\*(C`\-\-list\-demuxers\*(C'\fR.
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can disable all the demuxers using the configure option
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-\-disable\-demuxers\*(C'\fR, and selectively enable a single demuxer with
|
|
the option \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-demuxer=\f(CI\s-1DEMUXER\s0\f(CW\*(C'\fR, or disable it
|
|
with the option \f(CW\*(C`\-\-disable\-demuxer=\f(CI\s-1DEMUXER\s0\f(CW\*(C'\fR.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The option \f(CW\*(C`\-formats\*(C'\fR of the ff* tools will display the list of
|
|
enabled demuxers.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The description of some of the currently available demuxers follows.
|
|
.Sh "applehttp"
|
|
.IX Subsection "applehttp"
|
|
Apple \s-1HTTP\s0 Live Streaming demuxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This demuxer presents all AVStreams from all variant streams.
|
|
The id field is set to the bitrate variant index number. By setting
|
|
the discard flags on AVStreams (by pressing 'a' or 'v' in ffplay),
|
|
the caller can decide which variant streams to actually receive.
|
|
The total bitrate of the variant that the stream belongs to is
|
|
available in a metadata key named \*(L"variant_bitrate\*(R".
|
|
.Sh "asf"
|
|
.IX Subsection "asf"
|
|
Advanced Systems Format demuxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This demuxer is used to demux \s-1ASF\s0 files and \s-1MMS\s0 network streams.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-no_resync_search\fR \fIbool\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-no_resync_search bool"
|
|
Do not try to resynchronize by looking for a certain optional start code.
|
|
.Sh "concat"
|
|
.IX Subsection "concat"
|
|
Virtual concatenation script demuxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This demuxer reads a list of files and other directives from a text file and
|
|
demuxes them one after the other, as if all their packet had been muxed
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|
together.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The timestamps in the files are adjusted so that the first file starts at 0
|
|
and each next file starts where the previous one finishes. Note that it is
|
|
done globally and may cause gaps if all streams do not have exactly the same
|
|
length.
|
|
.PP
|
|
All files must have the same streams (same codecs, same time base, etc.).
|
|
.PP
|
|
The duration of each file is used to adjust the timestamps of the next file:
|
|
if the duration is incorrect (because it was computed using the bit-rate or
|
|
because the file is truncated, for example), it can cause artifacts. The
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`duration\*(C'\fR directive can be used to override the duration stored in
|
|
each file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fISyntax\fR
|
|
.IX Subsection "Syntax"
|
|
.PP
|
|
The script is a text file in extended\-ASCII, with one directive per line.
|
|
Empty lines, leading spaces and lines starting with '#' are ignored. The
|
|
following directive is recognized:
|
|
.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""file \f(BIpath\f(CB""\fB\fR" 4
|
|
.el .IP "\fB\f(CBfile \f(CBpath\f(CB\fB\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "file path"
|
|
Path to a file to read; special characters and spaces must be escaped with
|
|
backslash or single quotes.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
All subsequent directives apply to that file.
|
|
.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ffconcat version 1.0""\fB\fR" 4
|
|
.el .IP "\fB\f(CBffconcat version 1.0\fB\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "ffconcat version 1.0"
|
|
Identify the script type and version. It also sets the \fBsafe\fR option
|
|
to 1 if it was to its default \-1.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
To make FFmpeg recognize the format automatically, this directive must
|
|
appears exactly as is (no extra space or byte\-order\-mark) on the very first
|
|
line of the script.
|
|
.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""duration \f(BIdur\f(CB""\fB\fR" 4
|
|
.el .IP "\fB\f(CBduration \f(CBdur\f(CB\fB\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "duration dur"
|
|
Duration of the file. This information can be specified from the file;
|
|
specifying it here may be more efficient or help if the information from the
|
|
file is not available or accurate.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
If the duration is set for all files, then it is possible to seek in the
|
|
whole concatenated video.
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fIOptions\fR
|
|
.IX Subsection "Options"
|
|
.PP
|
|
This demuxer accepts the following option:
|
|
.IP "\fBsafe\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "safe"
|
|
If set to 1, reject unsafe file paths. A file path is considered safe if it
|
|
does not contain a protocol specification and is relative and all components
|
|
only contain characters from the portable character set (letters, digits,
|
|
period, underscore and hyphen) and have no period at the beginning of a
|
|
component.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
If set to 0, any file name is accepted.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
The default is \-1, it is equivalent to 1 if the format was automatically
|
|
probed and 0 otherwise.
|
|
.Sh "flv"
|
|
.IX Subsection "flv"
|
|
Adobe Flash Video Format demuxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This demuxer is used to demux \s-1FLV\s0 files and \s-1RTMP\s0 network streams.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-flv_metadata\fR \fIbool\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-flv_metadata bool"
|
|
Allocate the streams according to the onMetaData array content.
|
|
.Sh "libgme"
|
|
.IX Subsection "libgme"
|
|
The Game Music Emu library is a collection of video game music file emulators.
|
|
.PP
|
|
See <\fBhttp://code.google.com/p/game\-music\-emu/\fR> for more information.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Some files have multiple tracks. The demuxer will pick the first track by
|
|
default. The \fBtrack_index\fR option can be used to select a different
|
|
track. Track indexes start at 0. The demuxer exports the number of tracks as
|
|
\&\fItracks\fR meta data entry.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For very large files, the \fBmax_size\fR option may have to be adjusted.
|
|
.Sh "libquvi"
|
|
.IX Subsection "libquvi"
|
|
Play media from Internet services using the quvi project.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The demuxer accepts a \fBformat\fR option to request a specific quality. It
|
|
is by default set to \fIbest\fR.
|
|
.PP
|
|
See <\fBhttp://quvi.sourceforge.net/\fR> for more information.
|
|
.PP
|
|
FFmpeg needs to be built with \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-libquvi\*(C'\fR for this demuxer to be
|
|
enabled.
|
|
.Sh "image2"
|
|
.IX Subsection "image2"
|
|
Image file demuxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This demuxer reads from a list of image files specified by a pattern.
|
|
The syntax and meaning of the pattern is specified by the
|
|
option \fIpattern_type\fR.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The pattern may contain a suffix which is used to automatically
|
|
determine the format of the images contained in the files.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The size, the pixel format, and the format of each image must be the
|
|
same for all the files in the sequence.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This demuxer accepts the following options:
|
|
.IP "\fBframerate\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "framerate"
|
|
Set the frame rate for the video stream. It defaults to 25.
|
|
.IP "\fBloop\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "loop"
|
|
If set to 1, loop over the input. Default value is 0.
|
|
.IP "\fBpattern_type\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "pattern_type"
|
|
Select the pattern type used to interpret the provided filename.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
\&\fIpattern_type\fR accepts one of the following values.
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
.IP "\fBsequence\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "sequence"
|
|
Select a sequence pattern type, used to specify a sequence of files
|
|
indexed by sequential numbers.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
A sequence pattern may contain the string \*(L"%d\*(R" or "%0\fIN\fRd\*(L", which
|
|
specifies the position of the characters representing a sequential
|
|
number in each filename matched by the pattern. If the form
|
|
\&\*(R"%d0\fIN\fRd" is used, the string representing the number in each
|
|
filename is 0\-padded and \fIN\fR is the total number of 0\-padded
|
|
digits representing the number. The literal character '%' can be
|
|
specified in the pattern with the string \*(L"%%\*(R".
|
|
.Sp
|
|
If the sequence pattern contains \*(L"%d\*(R" or "%0\fIN\fRd", the first filename of
|
|
the file list specified by the pattern must contain a number
|
|
inclusively contained between \fIstart_number\fR and
|
|
\&\fIstart_number\fR+\fIstart_number_range\fR\-1, and all the following
|
|
numbers must be sequential.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
For example the pattern \*(L"img\-%03d.bmp\*(R" will match a sequence of
|
|
filenames of the form \fIimg\-001.bmp\fR, \fIimg\-002.bmp\fR, ...,
|
|
\&\fIimg\-010.bmp\fR, etc.; the pattern \*(L"i%%m%%g\-%d.jpg\*(R" will match a
|
|
sequence of filenames of the form \fIi%m%g\-1.jpg\fR,
|
|
\&\fIi%m%g\-2.jpg\fR, ..., \fIi%m%g\-10.jpg\fR, etc.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
Note that the pattern must not necessarily contain \*(L"%d\*(R" or
|
|
"%0\fIN\fRd", for example to convert a single image file
|
|
\&\fIimg.jpeg\fR you can employ the command:
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i img.jpeg img.png
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.IP "\fBglob\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "glob"
|
|
Select a glob wildcard pattern type.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
The pattern is interpreted like a \f(CW\*(C`glob()\*(C'\fR pattern. This is only
|
|
selectable if libavformat was compiled with globbing support.
|
|
.IP "\fBglob_sequence\fR \fI(deprecated, will be removed)\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "glob_sequence (deprecated, will be removed)"
|
|
Select a mixed glob wildcard/sequence pattern.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
If your version of libavformat was compiled with globbing support, and
|
|
the provided pattern contains at least one glob meta character among
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`%*?[]{}\*(C'\fR that is preceded by an unescaped \*(L"%\*(R", the pattern is
|
|
interpreted like a \f(CW\*(C`glob()\*(C'\fR pattern, otherwise it is interpreted
|
|
like a sequence pattern.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
All glob special characters \f(CW\*(C`%*?[]{}\*(C'\fR must be prefixed
|
|
with \*(L"%\*(R". To escape a literal \*(L"%\*(R" you shall use \*(L"%%\*(R".
|
|
.Sp
|
|
For example the pattern \f(CW\*(C`foo\-%*.jpeg\*(C'\fR will match all the
|
|
filenames prefixed by \*(L"foo\-\*(R" and terminating with \*(L".jpeg\*(R", and
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`foo\-%?%?%?.jpeg\*(C'\fR will match all the filenames prefixed with
|
|
\&\*(L"foo\-\*(R", followed by a sequence of three characters, and terminating
|
|
with \*(L".jpeg\*(R".
|
|
.Sp
|
|
This pattern type is deprecated in favor of \fIglob\fR and
|
|
\&\fIsequence\fR.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
.Sp
|
|
Default value is \fIglob_sequence\fR.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.IP "\fBpixel_format\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "pixel_format"
|
|
Set the pixel format of the images to read. If not specified the pixel
|
|
format is guessed from the first image file in the sequence.
|
|
.IP "\fBstart_number\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "start_number"
|
|
Set the index of the file matched by the image file pattern to start
|
|
to read from. Default value is 0.
|
|
.IP "\fBstart_number_range\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "start_number_range"
|
|
Set the index interval range to check when looking for the first image
|
|
file in the sequence, starting from \fIstart_number\fR. Default value
|
|
is 5.
|
|
.IP "\fBts_from_file\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "ts_from_file"
|
|
If set to 1, will set frame timestamp to modification time of image file. Note
|
|
that monotonity of timestamps is not provided: images go in the same order as
|
|
without this option. Default value is 0.
|
|
.IP "\fBvideo_size\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "video_size"
|
|
Set the video size of the images to read. If not specified the video
|
|
size is guessed from the first image file in the sequence.
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fIExamples\fR
|
|
.IX Subsection "Examples"
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
Use \fBffmpeg\fR for creating a video from the images in the file
|
|
sequence \fIimg\-001.jpeg\fR, \fIimg\-002.jpeg\fR, ..., assuming an
|
|
input frame rate of 10 frames per second:
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -framerate 10 -i 'img-%03d.jpeg' out.mkv
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
As above, but start by reading from a file with index 100 in the sequence:
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -framerate 10 -start_number 100 -i 'img-%03d.jpeg' out.mkv
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
Read images matching the \*(L"*.png\*(R" glob pattern , that is all the files
|
|
terminating with the \*(L".png\*(R" suffix:
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -framerate 10 -pattern_type glob -i "*.png" out.mkv
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Sh "mpegts"
|
|
.IX Subsection "mpegts"
|
|
\&\s-1MPEG\-2\s0 transport stream demuxer.
|
|
.IP "\fBfix_teletext_pts\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "fix_teletext_pts"
|
|
Overrides teletext packet \s-1PTS\s0 and \s-1DTS\s0 values with the timestamps calculated
|
|
from the \s-1PCR\s0 of the first program which the teletext stream is part of and is
|
|
not discarded. Default value is 1, set this option to 0 if you want your
|
|
teletext packet \s-1PTS\s0 and \s-1DTS\s0 values untouched.
|
|
.Sh "rawvideo"
|
|
.IX Subsection "rawvideo"
|
|
Raw video demuxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This demuxer allows to read raw video data. Since there is no header
|
|
specifying the assumed video parameters, the user must specify them
|
|
in order to be able to decode the data correctly.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This demuxer accepts the following options:
|
|
.IP "\fBframerate\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "framerate"
|
|
Set input video frame rate. Default value is 25.
|
|
.IP "\fBpixel_format\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "pixel_format"
|
|
Set the input video pixel format. Default value is \f(CW\*(C`yuv420p\*(C'\fR.
|
|
.IP "\fBvideo_size\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "video_size"
|
|
Set the input video size. This value must be specified explicitly.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example to read a rawvideo file \fIinput.raw\fR with
|
|
\&\fBffplay\fR, assuming a pixel format of \f(CW\*(C`rgb24\*(C'\fR, a video
|
|
size of \f(CW\*(C`320x240\*(C'\fR, and a frame rate of 10 images per second, use
|
|
the command:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffplay -f rawvideo -pixel_format rgb24 -video_size 320x240 -framerate 10 input.raw
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Sh "sbg"
|
|
.IX Subsection "sbg"
|
|
SBaGen script demuxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This demuxer reads the script language used by SBaGen
|
|
<\fBhttp://uazu.net/sbagen/\fR> to generate binaural beats sessions. A \s-1SBG\s0
|
|
script looks like that:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 9
|
|
\& -SE
|
|
\& a: 300-2.5/3 440+4.5/0
|
|
\& b: 300-2.5/0 440+4.5/3
|
|
\& off: -
|
|
\& NOW == a
|
|
\& +0:07:00 == b
|
|
\& +0:14:00 == a
|
|
\& +0:21:00 == b
|
|
\& +0:30:00 off
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
A \s-1SBG\s0 script can mix absolute and relative timestamps. If the script uses
|
|
either only absolute timestamps (including the script start time) or only
|
|
relative ones, then its layout is fixed, and the conversion is
|
|
straightforward. On the other hand, if the script mixes both kind of
|
|
timestamps, then the \fI\s-1NOW\s0\fR reference for relative timestamps will be
|
|
taken from the current time of day at the time the script is read, and the
|
|
script layout will be frozen according to that reference. That means that if
|
|
the script is directly played, the actual times will match the absolute
|
|
timestamps up to the sound controller's clock accuracy, but if the user
|
|
somehow pauses the playback or seeks, all times will be shifted accordingly.
|
|
.Sh "tedcaptions"
|
|
.IX Subsection "tedcaptions"
|
|
\&\s-1JSON\s0 captions used for <\fBhttp://www.ted.com/\fR>.
|
|
.PP
|
|
\&\s-1TED\s0 does not provide links to the captions, but they can be guessed from the
|
|
page. The file \fItools/bookmarklets.html\fR from the FFmpeg source tree
|
|
contains a bookmarklet to expose them.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This demuxer accepts the following option:
|
|
.IP "\fBstart_time\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "start_time"
|
|
Set the start time of the \s-1TED\s0 talk, in milliseconds. The default is 15000
|
|
(15s). It is used to sync the captions with the downloadable videos, because
|
|
they include a 15s intro.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Example: convert the captions to a format most players understand:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i http://www.ted.com/talks/subtitles/id/1/lang/en talk1-en.srt
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.SH "MUXERS"
|
|
.IX Header "MUXERS"
|
|
Muxers are configured elements in FFmpeg which allow writing
|
|
multimedia streams to a particular type of file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
When you configure your FFmpeg build, all the supported muxers
|
|
are enabled by default. You can list all available muxers using the
|
|
configure option \f(CW\*(C`\-\-list\-muxers\*(C'\fR.
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can disable all the muxers with the configure option
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-\-disable\-muxers\*(C'\fR and selectively enable / disable single muxers
|
|
with the options \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-muxer=\f(CI\s-1MUXER\s0\f(CW\*(C'\fR /
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-\-disable\-muxer=\f(CI\s-1MUXER\s0\f(CW\*(C'\fR.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The option \f(CW\*(C`\-formats\*(C'\fR of the ff* tools will display the list of
|
|
enabled muxers.
|
|
.PP
|
|
A description of some of the currently available muxers follows.
|
|
.Sh "aiff"
|
|
.IX Subsection "aiff"
|
|
Audio Interchange File Format muxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
It accepts the following options:
|
|
.IP "\fBwrite_id3v2\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "write_id3v2"
|
|
Enable ID3v2 tags writing when set to 1. Default is 0 (disabled).
|
|
.IP "\fBid3v2_version\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "id3v2_version"
|
|
Select ID3v2 version to write. Currently only version 3 and 4 (aka.
|
|
ID3v2.3 and ID3v2.4) are supported. The default is version 4.
|
|
.Sh "crc"
|
|
.IX Subsection "crc"
|
|
\&\s-1CRC\s0 (Cyclic Redundancy Check) testing format.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This muxer computes and prints the Adler\-32 \s-1CRC\s0 of all the input audio
|
|
and video frames. By default audio frames are converted to signed
|
|
16\-bit raw audio and video frames to raw video before computing the
|
|
\&\s-1CRC\s0.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The output of the muxer consists of a single line of the form:
|
|
CRC=0x\fI\s-1CRC\s0\fR, where \fI\s-1CRC\s0\fR is a hexadecimal number 0\-padded to
|
|
8 digits containing the \s-1CRC\s0 for all the decoded input frames.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example to compute the \s-1CRC\s0 of the input, and store it in the file
|
|
\&\fIout.crc\fR:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i INPUT -f crc out.crc
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can print the \s-1CRC\s0 to stdout with the command:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i INPUT -f crc -
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can select the output format of each frame with \fBffmpeg\fR by
|
|
specifying the audio and video codec and format. For example to
|
|
compute the \s-1CRC\s0 of the input audio converted to \s-1PCM\s0 unsigned 8\-bit
|
|
and the input video converted to \s-1MPEG\-2\s0 video, use the command:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i INPUT -c:a pcm_u8 -c:v mpeg2video -f crc -
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
See also the framecrc muxer.
|
|
.Sh "framecrc"
|
|
.IX Subsection "framecrc"
|
|
Per-packet \s-1CRC\s0 (Cyclic Redundancy Check) testing format.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This muxer computes and prints the Adler\-32 \s-1CRC\s0 for each audio
|
|
and video packet. By default audio frames are converted to signed
|
|
16\-bit raw audio and video frames to raw video before computing the
|
|
\&\s-1CRC\s0.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The output of the muxer consists of a line for each audio and video
|
|
packet of the form:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& <stream_index>, <packet_dts>, <packet_pts>, <packet_duration>, <packet_size>, 0x<CRC>
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
\&\fI\s-1CRC\s0\fR is a hexadecimal number 0\-padded to 8 digits containing the
|
|
\&\s-1CRC\s0 of the packet.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example to compute the \s-1CRC\s0 of the audio and video frames in
|
|
\&\fI\s-1INPUT\s0\fR, converted to raw audio and video packets, and store it
|
|
in the file \fIout.crc\fR:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framecrc out.crc
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
To print the information to stdout, use the command:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framecrc -
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
With \fBffmpeg\fR, you can select the output format to which the
|
|
audio and video frames are encoded before computing the \s-1CRC\s0 for each
|
|
packet by specifying the audio and video codec. For example, to
|
|
compute the \s-1CRC\s0 of each decoded input audio frame converted to \s-1PCM\s0
|
|
unsigned 8\-bit and of each decoded input video frame converted to
|
|
\&\s-1MPEG\-2\s0 video, use the command:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i INPUT -c:a pcm_u8 -c:v mpeg2video -f framecrc -
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
See also the crc muxer.
|
|
.Sh "framemd5"
|
|
.IX Subsection "framemd5"
|
|
Per-packet \s-1MD5\s0 testing format.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This muxer computes and prints the \s-1MD5\s0 hash for each audio
|
|
and video packet. By default audio frames are converted to signed
|
|
16\-bit raw audio and video frames to raw video before computing the
|
|
hash.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The output of the muxer consists of a line for each audio and video
|
|
packet of the form:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& <stream_index>, <packet_dts>, <packet_pts>, <packet_duration>, <packet_size>, <MD5>
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
\&\fI\s-1MD5\s0\fR is a hexadecimal number representing the computed \s-1MD5\s0 hash
|
|
for the packet.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example to compute the \s-1MD5\s0 of the audio and video frames in
|
|
\&\fI\s-1INPUT\s0\fR, converted to raw audio and video packets, and store it
|
|
in the file \fIout.md5\fR:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framemd5 out.md5
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
To print the information to stdout, use the command:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framemd5 -
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
See also the md5 muxer.
|
|
.Sh "hls"
|
|
.IX Subsection "hls"
|
|
Apple \s-1HTTP\s0 Live Streaming muxer that segments MPEG-TS according to
|
|
the \s-1HTTP\s0 Live Streaming specification.
|
|
.PP
|
|
It creates a playlist file and numbered segment files. The output
|
|
filename specifies the playlist filename; the segment filenames
|
|
receive the same basename as the playlist, a sequential number and
|
|
a .ts extension.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i in.nut out.m3u8
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.IP "\fB\-hls_time\fR \fIseconds\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-hls_time seconds"
|
|
Set the segment length in seconds.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-hls_list_size\fR \fIsize\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-hls_list_size size"
|
|
Set the maximum number of playlist entries.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-hls_wrap\fR \fIwrap\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-hls_wrap wrap"
|
|
Set the number after which index wraps.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-start_number\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-start_number number"
|
|
Start the sequence from \fInumber\fR.
|
|
.Sh "ico"
|
|
.IX Subsection "ico"
|
|
\&\s-1ICO\s0 file muxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Microsoft's icon file format (\s-1ICO\s0) has some strict limitations that should be noted:
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
Size cannot exceed 256 pixels in any dimension
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
Only \s-1BMP\s0 and \s-1PNG\s0 images can be stored
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
If a \s-1BMP\s0 image is used, it must be one of the following pixel formats:
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 7
|
|
\& BMP Bit Depth FFmpeg Pixel Format
|
|
\& 1bit pal8
|
|
\& 4bit pal8
|
|
\& 8bit pal8
|
|
\& 16bit rgb555le
|
|
\& 24bit bgr24
|
|
\& 32bit bgra
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
If a \s-1BMP\s0 image is used, it must use the \s-1BITMAPINFOHEADER\s0 \s-1DIB\s0 header
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
If a \s-1PNG\s0 image is used, it must use the rgba pixel format
|
|
.Sh "image2"
|
|
.IX Subsection "image2"
|
|
Image file muxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The image file muxer writes video frames to image files.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The output filenames are specified by a pattern, which can be used to
|
|
produce sequentially numbered series of files.
|
|
The pattern may contain the string \*(L"%d\*(R" or "%0\fIN\fRd\*(L", this string
|
|
specifies the position of the characters representing a numbering in
|
|
the filenames. If the form \*(R"%0\fIN\fRd" is used, the string
|
|
representing the number in each filename is 0\-padded to \fIN\fR
|
|
digits. The literal character '%' can be specified in the pattern with
|
|
the string \*(L"%%\*(R".
|
|
.PP
|
|
If the pattern contains \*(L"%d\*(R" or "%0\fIN\fRd", the first filename of
|
|
the file list specified will contain the number 1, all the following
|
|
numbers will be sequential.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The pattern may contain a suffix which is used to automatically
|
|
determine the format of the image files to write.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example the pattern \*(L"img\-%03d.bmp\*(R" will specify a sequence of
|
|
filenames of the form \fIimg\-001.bmp\fR, \fIimg\-002.bmp\fR, ...,
|
|
\&\fIimg\-010.bmp\fR, etc.
|
|
The pattern \*(L"img%%\-%d.jpg\*(R" will specify a sequence of filenames of the
|
|
form \fIimg%\-1.jpg\fR, \fIimg%\-2.jpg\fR, ..., \fIimg%\-10.jpg\fR,
|
|
etc.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The following example shows how to use \fBffmpeg\fR for creating a
|
|
sequence of files \fIimg\-001.jpeg\fR, \fIimg\-002.jpeg\fR, ...,
|
|
taking one image every second from the input video:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i in.avi -vsync 1 -r 1 -f image2 'img-%03d.jpeg'
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
Note that with \fBffmpeg\fR, if the format is not specified with the
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-f\*(C'\fR option and the output filename specifies an image file
|
|
format, the image2 muxer is automatically selected, so the previous
|
|
command can be written as:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i in.avi -vsync 1 -r 1 'img-%03d.jpeg'
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
Note also that the pattern must not necessarily contain \*(L"%d\*(R" or
|
|
"%0\fIN\fRd", for example to create a single image file
|
|
\&\fIimg.jpeg\fR from the input video you can employ the command:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i in.avi -f image2 -frames:v 1 img.jpeg
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.IP "\fBstart_number\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "start_number number"
|
|
Start the sequence from \fInumber\fR. Default value is 1. Must be a
|
|
non-negative number.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-update\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-update number"
|
|
If \fInumber\fR is nonzero, the filename will always be interpreted as just a
|
|
filename, not a pattern, and this file will be continuously overwritten with new
|
|
images.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The image muxer supports the .Y.U.V image file format. This format is
|
|
special in that that each image frame consists of three files, for
|
|
each of the \s-1YUV420P\s0 components. To read or write this image file format,
|
|
specify the name of the '.Y' file. The muxer will automatically open the
|
|
\&'.U' and '.V' files as required.
|
|
.Sh "matroska"
|
|
.IX Subsection "matroska"
|
|
Matroska container muxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This muxer implements the matroska and webm container specs.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The recognized metadata settings in this muxer are:
|
|
.IP "\fBtitle=\fR\fItitle name\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "title=title name"
|
|
Name provided to a single track
|
|
.IP "\fBlanguage=\fR\fIlanguage name\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "language=language name"
|
|
Specifies the language of the track in the Matroska languages form
|
|
.IP "\fBstereo_mode=\fR\fImode\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "stereo_mode=mode"
|
|
Stereo 3D video layout of two views in a single video track
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
.IP "\fBmono\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "mono"
|
|
video is not stereo
|
|
.IP "\fBleft_right\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "left_right"
|
|
Both views are arranged side by side, Left-eye view is on the left
|
|
.IP "\fBbottom_top\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "bottom_top"
|
|
Both views are arranged in top-bottom orientation, Left-eye view is at bottom
|
|
.IP "\fBtop_bottom\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "top_bottom"
|
|
Both views are arranged in top-bottom orientation, Left-eye view is on top
|
|
.IP "\fBcheckerboard_rl\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "checkerboard_rl"
|
|
Each view is arranged in a checkerboard interleaved pattern, Left-eye view being first
|
|
.IP "\fBcheckerboard_lr\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "checkerboard_lr"
|
|
Each view is arranged in a checkerboard interleaved pattern, Right-eye view being first
|
|
.IP "\fBrow_interleaved_rl\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "row_interleaved_rl"
|
|
Each view is constituted by a row based interleaving, Right-eye view is first row
|
|
.IP "\fBrow_interleaved_lr\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "row_interleaved_lr"
|
|
Each view is constituted by a row based interleaving, Left-eye view is first row
|
|
.IP "\fBcol_interleaved_rl\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "col_interleaved_rl"
|
|
Both views are arranged in a column based interleaving manner, Right-eye view is first column
|
|
.IP "\fBcol_interleaved_lr\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "col_interleaved_lr"
|
|
Both views are arranged in a column based interleaving manner, Left-eye view is first column
|
|
.IP "\fBanaglyph_cyan_red\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "anaglyph_cyan_red"
|
|
All frames are in anaglyph format viewable through red-cyan filters
|
|
.IP "\fBright_left\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "right_left"
|
|
Both views are arranged side by side, Right-eye view is on the left
|
|
.IP "\fBanaglyph_green_magenta\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "anaglyph_green_magenta"
|
|
All frames are in anaglyph format viewable through green-magenta filters
|
|
.IP "\fBblock_lr\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "block_lr"
|
|
Both eyes laced in one Block, Left-eye view is first
|
|
.IP "\fBblock_rl\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "block_rl"
|
|
Both eyes laced in one Block, Right-eye view is first
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example a 3D WebM clip can be created using the following command line:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i sample_left_right_clip.mpg -an -c:v libvpx -metadata stereo_mode=left_right -y stereo_clip.webm
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
This muxer supports the following options:
|
|
.IP "\fBreserve_index_space\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "reserve_index_space"
|
|
By default, this muxer writes the index for seeking (called cues in Matroska
|
|
terms) at the end of the file, because it cannot know in advance how much space
|
|
to leave for the index at the beginning of the file. However for some use cases
|
|
\&\*(-- e.g. streaming where seeking is possible but slow \*(-- it is useful to put the
|
|
index at the beginning of the file.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
If this option is set to a non-zero value, the muxer will reserve a given amount
|
|
of space in the file header and then try to write the cues there when the muxing
|
|
finishes. If the available space does not suffice, muxing will fail. A safe size
|
|
for most use cases should be about 50kB per hour of video.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
Note that cues are only written if the output is seekable and this option will
|
|
have no effect if it is not.
|
|
.Sh "md5"
|
|
.IX Subsection "md5"
|
|
\&\s-1MD5\s0 testing format.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This muxer computes and prints the \s-1MD5\s0 hash of all the input audio
|
|
and video frames. By default audio frames are converted to signed
|
|
16\-bit raw audio and video frames to raw video before computing the
|
|
hash.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The output of the muxer consists of a single line of the form:
|
|
MD5=\fI\s-1MD5\s0\fR, where \fI\s-1MD5\s0\fR is a hexadecimal number representing
|
|
the computed \s-1MD5\s0 hash.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example to compute the \s-1MD5\s0 hash of the input converted to raw
|
|
audio and video, and store it in the file \fIout.md5\fR:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i INPUT -f md5 out.md5
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can print the \s-1MD5\s0 to stdout with the command:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i INPUT -f md5 -
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
See also the framemd5 muxer.
|
|
.Sh "\s-1MOV/MP4/ISMV\s0"
|
|
.IX Subsection "MOV/MP4/ISMV"
|
|
The mov/mp4/ismv muxer supports fragmentation. Normally, a \s-1MOV/MP4\s0
|
|
file has all the metadata about all packets stored in one location
|
|
(written at the end of the file, it can be moved to the start for
|
|
better playback by adding \fIfaststart\fR to the \fImovflags\fR, or
|
|
using the \fBqt-faststart\fR tool). A fragmented
|
|
file consists of a number of fragments, where packets and metadata
|
|
about these packets are stored together. Writing a fragmented
|
|
file has the advantage that the file is decodable even if the
|
|
writing is interrupted (while a normal \s-1MOV/MP4\s0 is undecodable if
|
|
it is not properly finished), and it requires less memory when writing
|
|
very long files (since writing normal \s-1MOV/MP4\s0 files stores info about
|
|
every single packet in memory until the file is closed). The downside
|
|
is that it is less compatible with other applications.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Fragmentation is enabled by setting one of the AVOptions that define
|
|
how to cut the file into fragments:
|
|
.IP "\fB\-moov_size\fR \fIbytes\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-moov_size bytes"
|
|
Reserves space for the moov atom at the beginning of the file instead of placing the
|
|
moov atom at the end. If the space reserved is insufficient, muxing will fail.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-movflags frag_keyframe\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-movflags frag_keyframe"
|
|
Start a new fragment at each video keyframe.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-frag_duration\fR \fIduration\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-frag_duration duration"
|
|
Create fragments that are \fIduration\fR microseconds long.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-frag_size\fR \fIsize\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-frag_size size"
|
|
Create fragments that contain up to \fIsize\fR bytes of payload data.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-movflags frag_custom\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-movflags frag_custom"
|
|
Allow the caller to manually choose when to cut fragments, by
|
|
calling \f(CW\*(C`av_write_frame(ctx, NULL)\*(C'\fR to write a fragment with
|
|
the packets written so far. (This is only useful with other
|
|
applications integrating libavformat, not from \fBffmpeg\fR.)
|
|
.IP "\fB\-min_frag_duration\fR \fIduration\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-min_frag_duration duration"
|
|
Don't create fragments that are shorter than \fIduration\fR microseconds long.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If more than one condition is specified, fragments are cut when
|
|
one of the specified conditions is fulfilled. The exception to this is
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-min_frag_duration\*(C'\fR, which has to be fulfilled for any of the other
|
|
conditions to apply.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Additionally, the way the output file is written can be adjusted
|
|
through a few other options:
|
|
.IP "\fB\-movflags empty_moov\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-movflags empty_moov"
|
|
Write an initial moov atom directly at the start of the file, without
|
|
describing any samples in it. Generally, an mdat/moov pair is written
|
|
at the start of the file, as a normal \s-1MOV/MP4\s0 file, containing only
|
|
a short portion of the file. With this option set, there is no initial
|
|
mdat atom, and the moov atom only describes the tracks but has
|
|
a zero duration.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
Files written with this option set do not work in QuickTime.
|
|
This option is implicitly set when writing ismv (Smooth Streaming) files.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-movflags separate_moof\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-movflags separate_moof"
|
|
Write a separate moof (movie fragment) atom for each track. Normally,
|
|
packets for all tracks are written in a moof atom (which is slightly
|
|
more efficient), but with this option set, the muxer writes one moof/mdat
|
|
pair for each track, making it easier to separate tracks.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
This option is implicitly set when writing ismv (Smooth Streaming) files.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-movflags faststart\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-movflags faststart"
|
|
Run a second pass moving the index (moov atom) to the beginning of the file.
|
|
This operation can take a while, and will not work in various situations such
|
|
as fragmented output, thus it is not enabled by default.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-movflags rtphint\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-movflags rtphint"
|
|
Add \s-1RTP\s0 hinting tracks to the output file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Smooth Streaming content can be pushed in real time to a publishing
|
|
point on \s-1IIS\s0 with this muxer. Example:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -re <<normal input/transcoding options>> -movflags isml+frag_keyframe -f ismv http://server/publishingpoint.isml/Streams(Encoder1)
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Sh "mp3"
|
|
.IX Subsection "mp3"
|
|
The \s-1MP3\s0 muxer writes a raw \s-1MP3\s0 stream with an ID3v2 header at the beginning and
|
|
optionally an ID3v1 tag at the end. ID3v2.3 and ID3v2.4 are supported, the
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`id3v2_version\*(C'\fR option controls which one is used. The legacy ID3v1 tag is
|
|
not written by default, but may be enabled with the \f(CW\*(C`write_id3v1\*(C'\fR option.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For seekable output the muxer also writes a Xing frame at the beginning, which
|
|
contains the number of frames in the file. It is useful for computing duration
|
|
of \s-1VBR\s0 files.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The muxer supports writing ID3v2 attached pictures (\s-1APIC\s0 frames). The pictures
|
|
are supplied to the muxer in form of a video stream with a single packet. There
|
|
can be any number of those streams, each will correspond to a single \s-1APIC\s0 frame.
|
|
The stream metadata tags \fItitle\fR and \fIcomment\fR map to \s-1APIC\s0
|
|
\&\fIdescription\fR and \fIpicture type\fR respectively. See
|
|
<\fBhttp://id3.org/id3v2.4.0\-frames\fR> for allowed picture types.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Note that the \s-1APIC\s0 frames must be written at the beginning, so the muxer will
|
|
buffer the audio frames until it gets all the pictures. It is therefore advised
|
|
to provide the pictures as soon as possible to avoid excessive buffering.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Examples:
|
|
.PP
|
|
Write an mp3 with an ID3v2.3 header and an ID3v1 footer:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i INPUT -id3v2_version 3 -write_id3v1 1 out.mp3
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
To attach a picture to an mp3 file select both the audio and the picture stream
|
|
with \f(CW\*(C`map\*(C'\fR:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 2
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -i cover.png -c copy -map 0 -map 1
|
|
\& -metadata:s:v title="Album cover" -metadata:s:v comment="Cover (Front)" out.mp3
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Sh "mpegts"
|
|
.IX Subsection "mpegts"
|
|
\&\s-1MPEG\s0 transport stream muxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This muxer implements \s-1ISO\s0 13818\-1 and part of \s-1ETSI\s0 \s-1EN\s0 300 468.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The muxer options are:
|
|
.IP "\fB\-mpegts_original_network_id\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-mpegts_original_network_id number"
|
|
Set the original_network_id (default 0x0001). This is unique identifier
|
|
of a network in \s-1DVB\s0. Its main use is in the unique identification of a
|
|
service through the path Original_Network_ID, Transport_Stream_ID.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-mpegts_transport_stream_id\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-mpegts_transport_stream_id number"
|
|
Set the transport_stream_id (default 0x0001). This identifies a
|
|
transponder in \s-1DVB\s0.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-mpegts_service_id\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-mpegts_service_id number"
|
|
Set the service_id (default 0x0001) also known as program in \s-1DVB\s0.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-mpegts_pmt_start_pid\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-mpegts_pmt_start_pid number"
|
|
Set the first \s-1PID\s0 for \s-1PMT\s0 (default 0x1000, max 0x1f00).
|
|
.IP "\fB\-mpegts_start_pid\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-mpegts_start_pid number"
|
|
Set the first \s-1PID\s0 for data packets (default 0x0100, max 0x0f00).
|
|
.IP "\fB\-mpegts_m2ts_mode\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-mpegts_m2ts_mode number"
|
|
Enable m2ts mode if set to 1. Default value is \-1 which disables m2ts mode.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-muxrate\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-muxrate number"
|
|
Set muxrate.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-pes_payload_size\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-pes_payload_size number"
|
|
Set minimum \s-1PES\s0 packet payload in bytes.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-mpegts_flags\fR \fIflags\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-mpegts_flags flags"
|
|
Set flags (see below).
|
|
.IP "\fB\-mpegts_copyts\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-mpegts_copyts number"
|
|
Preserve original timestamps, if value is set to 1. Default value is \-1, which
|
|
results in shifting timestamps so that they start from 0.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-tables_version\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-tables_version number"
|
|
Set \s-1PAT\s0, \s-1PMT\s0 and \s-1SDT\s0 version (default 0, valid values are from 0 to 31, inclusively).
|
|
This option allows updating stream structure so that standard consumer may
|
|
detect the change. To do so, reopen output AVFormatContext (in case of \s-1API\s0
|
|
usage) or restart ffmpeg instance, cyclically changing tables_version value:
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 7
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i source1.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 0 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i source2.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 1 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
|
|
\& ...
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i source3.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 31 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i source1.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 0 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i source2.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 1 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
|
|
\& ...
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
Option mpegts_flags may take a set of such flags:
|
|
.IP "\fBresend_headers\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "resend_headers"
|
|
Reemit \s-1PAT/PMT\s0 before writing the next packet.
|
|
.IP "\fBlatm\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "latm"
|
|
Use \s-1LATM\s0 packetization for \s-1AAC\s0.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The recognized metadata settings in mpegts muxer are \f(CW\*(C`service_provider\*(C'\fR
|
|
and \f(CW\*(C`service_name\*(C'\fR. If they are not set the default for
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`service_provider\*(C'\fR is \*(L"FFmpeg\*(R" and the default for
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`service_name\*(C'\fR is \*(L"Service01\*(R".
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 9
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i file.mpg -c copy \e
|
|
\& -mpegts_original_network_id 0x1122 \e
|
|
\& -mpegts_transport_stream_id 0x3344 \e
|
|
\& -mpegts_service_id 0x5566 \e
|
|
\& -mpegts_pmt_start_pid 0x1500 \e
|
|
\& -mpegts_start_pid 0x150 \e
|
|
\& -metadata service_provider="Some provider" \e
|
|
\& -metadata service_name="Some Channel" \e
|
|
\& -y out.ts
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Sh "null"
|
|
.IX Subsection "null"
|
|
Null muxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This muxer does not generate any output file, it is mainly useful for
|
|
testing or benchmarking purposes.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example to benchmark decoding with \fBffmpeg\fR you can use the
|
|
command:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -benchmark -i INPUT -f null out.null
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
Note that the above command does not read or write the \fIout.null\fR
|
|
file, but specifying the output file is required by the \fBffmpeg\fR
|
|
syntax.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Alternatively you can write the command as:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -benchmark -i INPUT -f null -
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Sh "ogg"
|
|
.IX Subsection "ogg"
|
|
Ogg container muxer.
|
|
.IP "\fB\-page_duration\fR \fIduration\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-page_duration duration"
|
|
Preferred page duration, in microseconds. The muxer will attempt to create
|
|
pages that are approximately \fIduration\fR microseconds long. This allows the
|
|
user to compromise between seek granularity and container overhead. The default
|
|
is 1 second. A value of 0 will fill all segments, making pages as large as
|
|
possible. A value of 1 will effectively use 1 packet-per-page in most
|
|
situations, giving a small seek granularity at the cost of additional container
|
|
overhead.
|
|
.Sh "segment, stream_segment, ssegment"
|
|
.IX Subsection "segment, stream_segment, ssegment"
|
|
Basic stream segmenter.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The segmenter muxer outputs streams to a number of separate files of nearly
|
|
fixed duration. Output filename pattern can be set in a fashion similar to
|
|
image2.
|
|
.PP
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`stream_segment\*(C'\fR is a variant of the muxer used to write to
|
|
streaming output formats, i.e. which do not require global headers,
|
|
and is recommended for outputting e.g. to \s-1MPEG\s0 transport stream segments.
|
|
\&\f(CW\*(C`ssegment\*(C'\fR is a shorter alias for \f(CW\*(C`stream_segment\*(C'\fR.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Every segment starts with a keyframe of the selected reference stream,
|
|
which is set through the \fBreference_stream\fR option.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Note that if you want accurate splitting for a video file, you need to
|
|
make the input key frames correspond to the exact splitting times
|
|
expected by the segmenter, or the segment muxer will start the new
|
|
segment with the key frame found next after the specified start
|
|
time.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The segment muxer works best with a single constant frame rate video.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Optionally it can generate a list of the created segments, by setting
|
|
the option \fIsegment_list\fR. The list type is specified by the
|
|
\&\fIsegment_list_type\fR option.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The segment muxer supports the following options:
|
|
.IP "\fBreference_stream\fR \fIspecifier\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "reference_stream specifier"
|
|
Set the reference stream, as specified by the string \fIspecifier\fR.
|
|
If \fIspecifier\fR is set to \f(CW\*(C`auto\*(C'\fR, the reference is choosen
|
|
automatically. Otherwise it must be a stream specifier (see the ``Stream
|
|
specifiers'' chapter in the ffmpeg manual) which specifies the
|
|
reference stream. The default value is \f(CW\*(C`auto\*(C'\fR.
|
|
.IP "\fBsegment_format\fR \fIformat\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "segment_format format"
|
|
Override the inner container format, by default it is guessed by the filename
|
|
extension.
|
|
.IP "\fBsegment_list\fR \fIname\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "segment_list name"
|
|
Generate also a listfile named \fIname\fR. If not specified no
|
|
listfile is generated.
|
|
.IP "\fBsegment_list_flags\fR \fIflags\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "segment_list_flags flags"
|
|
Set flags affecting the segment list generation.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
It currently supports the following flags:
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
.IP "\fBcache\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "cache"
|
|
Allow caching (only affects M3U8 list files).
|
|
.IP "\fBlive\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "live"
|
|
Allow live-friendly file generation.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
.Sp
|
|
Default value is \f(CW\*(C`samp\*(C'\fR.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.IP "\fBsegment_list_size\fR \fIsize\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "segment_list_size size"
|
|
Update the list file so that it contains at most the last \fIsize\fR
|
|
segments. If 0 the list file will contain all the segments. Default
|
|
value is 0.
|
|
.IP "\fBsegment_list_type\fR \fItype\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "segment_list_type type"
|
|
Specify the format for the segment list file.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
The following values are recognized:
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
.IP "\fBflat\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "flat"
|
|
Generate a flat list for the created segments, one segment per line.
|
|
.IP "\fBcsv, ext\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "csv, ext"
|
|
Generate a list for the created segments, one segment per line,
|
|
each line matching the format (comma\-separated values):
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& <segment_filename>,<segment_start_time>,<segment_end_time>
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Sp
|
|
\&\fIsegment_filename\fR is the name of the output file generated by the
|
|
muxer according to the provided pattern. \s-1CSV\s0 escaping (according to
|
|
\&\s-1RFC4180\s0) is applied if required.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
\&\fIsegment_start_time\fR and \fIsegment_end_time\fR specify
|
|
the segment start and end time expressed in seconds.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
A list file with the suffix \f(CW".csv"\fR or \f(CW".ext"\fR will
|
|
auto-select this format.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
\&\fBext\fR is deprecated in favor or \fBcsv\fR.
|
|
.IP "\fBffconcat\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "ffconcat"
|
|
Generate an ffconcat file for the created segments. The resulting file
|
|
can be read using the FFmpeg concat demuxer.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
A list file with the suffix \f(CW".ffcat"\fR or \f(CW".ffconcat"\fR will
|
|
auto-select this format.
|
|
.IP "\fBm3u8\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "m3u8"
|
|
Generate an extended M3U8 file, version 3, compliant with
|
|
<\fBhttp://tools.ietf.org/id/draft\-pantos\-http\-live\-streaming\fR>.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
A list file with the suffix \f(CW".m3u8"\fR will auto-select this format.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
.Sp
|
|
If not specified the type is guessed from the list file name suffix.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.IP "\fBsegment_time\fR \fItime\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "segment_time time"
|
|
Set segment duration to \fItime\fR, the value must be a duration
|
|
specification. Default value is \*(L"2\*(R". See also the
|
|
\&\fBsegment_times\fR option.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
Note that splitting may not be accurate, unless you force the
|
|
reference stream key-frames at the given time. See the introductory
|
|
notice and the examples below.
|
|
.IP "\fBsegment_time_delta\fR \fIdelta\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "segment_time_delta delta"
|
|
Specify the accuracy time when selecting the start time for a
|
|
segment, expressed as a duration specification. Default value is \*(L"0\*(R".
|
|
.Sp
|
|
When delta is specified a key-frame will start a new segment if its
|
|
\&\s-1PTS\s0 satisfies the relation:
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& PTS >= start_time - time_delta
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Sp
|
|
This option is useful when splitting video content, which is always
|
|
split at \s-1GOP\s0 boundaries, in case a key frame is found just before the
|
|
specified split time.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
In particular may be used in combination with the \fIffmpeg\fR option
|
|
\&\fIforce_key_frames\fR. The key frame times specified by
|
|
\&\fIforce_key_frames\fR may not be set accurately because of rounding
|
|
issues, with the consequence that a key frame time may result set just
|
|
before the specified time. For constant frame rate videos a value of
|
|
1/2*\fIframe_rate\fR should address the worst case mismatch between
|
|
the specified time and the time set by \fIforce_key_frames\fR.
|
|
.IP "\fBsegment_times\fR \fItimes\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "segment_times times"
|
|
Specify a list of split points. \fItimes\fR contains a list of comma
|
|
separated duration specifications, in increasing order. See also
|
|
the \fBsegment_time\fR option.
|
|
.IP "\fBsegment_frames\fR \fIframes\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "segment_frames frames"
|
|
Specify a list of split video frame numbers. \fIframes\fR contains a
|
|
list of comma separated integer numbers, in increasing order.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
This option specifies to start a new segment whenever a reference
|
|
stream key frame is found and the sequential number (starting from 0)
|
|
of the frame is greater or equal to the next value in the list.
|
|
.IP "\fBsegment_wrap\fR \fIlimit\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "segment_wrap limit"
|
|
Wrap around segment index once it reaches \fIlimit\fR.
|
|
.IP "\fBsegment_start_number\fR \fInumber\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "segment_start_number number"
|
|
Set the sequence number of the first segment. Defaults to \f(CW0\fR.
|
|
.IP "\fBreset_timestamps\fR \fI1|0\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "reset_timestamps 1|0"
|
|
Reset timestamps at the begin of each segment, so that each segment
|
|
will start with near-zero timestamps. It is meant to ease the playback
|
|
of the generated segments. May not work with some combinations of
|
|
muxers/codecs. It is set to \f(CW0\fR by default.
|
|
.IP "\fBinitial_offset\fR \fIoffset\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "initial_offset offset"
|
|
Specify timestamp offset to apply to the output packet timestamps. The
|
|
argument must be a time duration specification, and defaults to 0.
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fIExamples\fR
|
|
.IX Subsection "Examples"
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
To remux the content of file \fIin.mkv\fR to a list of segments
|
|
\&\fIout\-000.nut\fR, \fIout\-001.nut\fR, etc., and write the list of
|
|
generated segments to \fIout.list\fR:
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i in.mkv -codec copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_list out.list out%03d.nut
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
As the example above, but segment the input file according to the split
|
|
points specified by the \fIsegment_times\fR option:
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i in.mkv -codec copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_list out.csv -segment_times 1,2,3,5,8,13,21 out%03d.nut
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
As the example above, but use the \fBffmpeg\fR \fBforce_key_frames\fR
|
|
option to force key frames in the input at the specified location, together
|
|
with the segment option \fBsegment_time_delta\fR to account for
|
|
possible roundings operated when setting key frame times.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 2
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i in.mkv -force_key_frames 1,2,3,5,8,13,21 -codec:v mpeg4 -codec:a pcm_s16le -map 0 \e
|
|
\& -f segment -segment_list out.csv -segment_times 1,2,3,5,8,13,21 -segment_time_delta 0.05 out%03d.nut
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Sp
|
|
In order to force key frames on the input file, transcoding is
|
|
required.
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
Segment the input file by splitting the input file according to the
|
|
frame numbers sequence specified with the \fBsegment_frames\fR option:
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i in.mkv -codec copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_list out.csv -segment_frames 100,200,300,500,800 out%03d.nut
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
To convert the \fIin.mkv\fR to \s-1TS\s0 segments using the \f(CW\*(C`libx264\*(C'\fR
|
|
and \f(CW\*(C`libfaac\*(C'\fR encoders:
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i in.mkv -map 0 -codec:v libx264 -codec:a libfaac -f ssegment -segment_list out.list out%03d.ts
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
Segment the input file, and create an M3U8 live playlist (can be used
|
|
as live \s-1HLS\s0 source):
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 2
|
|
\& ffmpeg -re -i in.mkv -codec copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_list playlist.m3u8 \e
|
|
\& -segment_list_flags +live -segment_time 10 out%03d.mkv
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Sh "tee"
|
|
.IX Subsection "tee"
|
|
The tee muxer can be used to write the same data to several files or any
|
|
other kind of muxer. It can be used, for example, to both stream a video to
|
|
the network and save it to disk at the same time.
|
|
.PP
|
|
It is different from specifying several outputs to the \fBffmpeg\fR
|
|
command-line tool because the audio and video data will be encoded only once
|
|
with the tee muxer; encoding can be a very expensive process. It is not
|
|
useful when using the libavformat \s-1API\s0 directly because it is then possible
|
|
to feed the same packets to several muxers directly.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The slave outputs are specified in the file name given to the muxer,
|
|
separated by '|'. If any of the slave name contains the '|' separator,
|
|
leading or trailing spaces or any special character, it must be
|
|
escaped (see the ``Quoting and escaping'' section in the ffmpeg-utils
|
|
manual).
|
|
.PP
|
|
Muxer options can be specified for each slave by prepending them as a list of
|
|
\&\fIkey\fR=\fIvalue\fR pairs separated by ':', between square brackets. If
|
|
the options values contain a special character or the ':' separator, they
|
|
must be escaped; note that this is a second level escaping.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The following special options are also recognized:
|
|
.IP "\fBf\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "f"
|
|
Specify the format name. Useful if it cannot be guessed from the
|
|
output name suffix.
|
|
.IP "\fBbsfs[/\fR\fIspec\fR\fB]\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "bsfs[/spec]"
|
|
Specify a list of bitstream filters to apply to the specified
|
|
output. It is possible to specify to which streams a given bitstream
|
|
filter applies, by appending a stream specifier to the option
|
|
separated by \f(CW\*(C`/\*(C'\fR. If the stream specifier is not specified, the
|
|
bistream filters will be applied to all streams in the output.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
Several bitstream filters can be specified, separated by \*(L",\*(R".
|
|
.IP "\fBselect\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "select"
|
|
Select the streams that should be mapped to the slave output,
|
|
specified by a stream specifier. If not specified, this defaults to
|
|
all the input streams.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Some examples follow.
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
Encode something and both archive it in a WebM file and stream it
|
|
as MPEG-TS over \s-1UDP\s0 (the streams need to be explicitly mapped):
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 2
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i ... -c:v libx264 -c:a mp2 -f tee -map 0:v -map 0:a
|
|
\& "archive-20121107.mkv|[f=mpegts]udp://10.0.1.255:1234/"
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.IP "\(bu" 4
|
|
Use \fBffmpeg\fR to encode the input, and send the output
|
|
to three different destinations. The \f(CW\*(C`dump_extra\*(C'\fR bitstream
|
|
filter is used to add extradata information to all the output video
|
|
keyframes packets, as requested by the MPEG-TS format. The select
|
|
option is applied to \fIout.aac\fR in order to make it contain only
|
|
audio packets.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
.Vb 2
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i ... -map 0 -flags +global_header -c:v libx264 -c:a aac -strict experimental
|
|
\& -f tee "[bsfs/v=dump_extra]out.ts|[movflags=+faststart]out.mp4|[select=a]out.aac"
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
Note: some codecs may need different options depending on the output format;
|
|
the auto-detection of this can not work with the tee muxer. The main example
|
|
is the \fBglobal_header\fR flag.
|
|
.SH "METADATA"
|
|
.IX Header "METADATA"
|
|
FFmpeg is able to dump metadata from media files into a simple UTF\-8\-encoded
|
|
INI-like text file and then load it back using the metadata muxer/demuxer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The file format is as follows:
|
|
.IP "1." 4
|
|
A file consists of a header and a number of metadata tags divided into sections,
|
|
each on its own line.
|
|
.IP "2." 4
|
|
The header is a ';FFMETADATA' string, followed by a version number (now 1).
|
|
.IP "3." 4
|
|
Metadata tags are of the form 'key=value'
|
|
.IP "4." 4
|
|
Immediately after header follows global metadata
|
|
.IP "5." 4
|
|
After global metadata there may be sections with per\-stream/per\-chapter
|
|
metadata.
|
|
.IP "6." 4
|
|
A section starts with the section name in uppercase (i.e. \s-1STREAM\s0 or \s-1CHAPTER\s0) in
|
|
brackets ('[', ']') and ends with next section or end of file.
|
|
.IP "7." 4
|
|
At the beginning of a chapter section there may be an optional timebase to be
|
|
used for start/end values. It must be in form 'TIMEBASE=num/den', where num and
|
|
den are integers. If the timebase is missing then start/end times are assumed to
|
|
be in milliseconds.
|
|
Next a chapter section must contain chapter start and end times in form
|
|
\&'START=num', 'END=num', where num is a positive integer.
|
|
.IP "8." 4
|
|
Empty lines and lines starting with ';' or '#' are ignored.
|
|
.IP "9." 4
|
|
Metadata keys or values containing special characters ('=', ';', '#', '\e' and a
|
|
newline) must be escaped with a backslash '\e'.
|
|
.IP "10." 4
|
|
.IX Item "10."
|
|
Note that whitespace in metadata (e.g. foo = bar) is considered to be a part of
|
|
the tag (in the example above key is 'foo ', value is ' bar').
|
|
.PP
|
|
A ffmetadata file might look like this:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 4
|
|
\& ;FFMETADATA1
|
|
\& title=bike\e\eshed
|
|
\& ;this is a comment
|
|
\& artist=FFmpeg troll team
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 9
|
|
\& [CHAPTER]
|
|
\& TIMEBASE=1/1000
|
|
\& START=0
|
|
\& #chapter ends at 0:01:00
|
|
\& END=60000
|
|
\& title=chapter \e#1
|
|
\& [STREAM]
|
|
\& title=multi\e
|
|
\& line
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
By using the ffmetadata muxer and demuxer it is possible to extract
|
|
metadata from an input file to an ffmetadata file, and then transcode
|
|
the file into an output file with the edited ffmetadata file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Extracting an ffmetadata file with \fIffmpeg\fR goes as follows:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i INPUT -f ffmetadata FFMETADATAFILE
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
Reinserting edited metadata information from the \s-1FFMETADATAFILE\s0 file can
|
|
be done as:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& ffmpeg -i INPUT -i FFMETADATAFILE -map_metadata 1 -codec copy OUTPUT
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
|
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
|
|
\&\fIffmpeg\fR\|(1), \fIffplay\fR\|(1), \fIffprobe\fR\|(1), \fIffserver\fR\|(1), \fIlibavformat\fR\|(3)
|
|
.SH "AUTHORS"
|
|
.IX Header "AUTHORS"
|
|
The FFmpeg developers.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For details about the authorship, see the Git history of the project
|
|
(git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg), e.g. by typing the command
|
|
\&\fBgit log\fR in the FFmpeg source directory, or browsing the
|
|
online repository at <\fBhttp://source.ffmpeg.org\fR>.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Maintainers for the specific components are listed in the file
|
|
\&\fI\s-1MAINTAINERS\s0\fR in the source code tree.
|